ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰎⰑⰃ

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ, ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰗⰖⰎⰎ: ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ, ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰍⰜⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ (ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ — ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ. ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰋⰅⰐⰕ-ⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰓⰜ/0 ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰔ.

ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓⰔ · ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰎⰑⰃ

49 ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ · 224/224 ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰔ ⰒⰀⰔⰔ · ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ

ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ, ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ & ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ

ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔ (ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ, ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ) ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰎⰑⰀⰄⰔ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ — ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ’Ⱄ 1908 ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ, Ⰰ ~2:1 ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ) ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ’Ⱄ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 (ⰔⰋⰘⰕⰅⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ, Ⰰ = 2/∛Ⱅ½, Ⰱ = 1.005 − 1/√Ⱅ½, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ Ⱂ_ⰀⰏⰁ,ⰕⰑⰎ = (Ⱂ − Ⰰ)·Ⰱ), ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰖⰀⰎ-ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ (ⰂⰒⰏ, ⰓⰃⰁⰏ) ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰑⰎ. ⰘⰅⰐⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰑⰂ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰋⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰋⰜⰍⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰐ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ, ⰕⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ / ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰘⰀⰔ ~15 ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ. ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰄⰜⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰋⰕ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ/ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰕⰑⰓ.

• ✓ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ — ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ (1908): ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ (ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ 5/10/20/40/75 ⰏⰋⰐ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ~2:1 ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ; Ⱂ(Ⱅ) = Ⱂ0 + (Ⱂ_ⰋⰐⰔⰒ − Ⱂ0)(1 − 2^(−Ⱅ/Ⱅ½)) (ⰑⰐⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅ → ⰘⰀⰎⰗⰂⰀⰉ, ⰘⰅⰓⰅ 1.58 ⰁⰀⰓ)
• ✓ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰔⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ — 16 ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ (Ⱀ₂ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ~4–635 ⰏⰋⰐ); Ⰰ = 2/∛Ⱅ½ (1.17 ⰁⰀⰓ) ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰱ = 1.005 − 1/√Ⱅ½ (0.558) ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ Ⱂ_ⰀⰏⰁ,ⰕⰑⰎ = (Ⱂ − Ⰰ)·Ⰱ; ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕⰔ Ⰰ/Ⰱ/Ⱌ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰔⰋⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰖⰀⰎ-ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ (ⰂⰒⰏ, ⰓⰃⰁⰏ) ⰀⰄⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰑⰎ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ — ⰘⰅⰐⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ (ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ ∝ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰑⰂ (ⰋⰐⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗⰗ-ⰃⰀⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ), ⰄⰜⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰐ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰕ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ); ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰀⰒⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ ~14–15 ⰖⰘⰏⰔ-ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰄⰜⰔ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰅⰏⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰜⰑ ⰒⰑⰋⰔⰑⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰃⰀⰐⰃⰓⰅⰐⰅ, ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ…)
• ✓ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ — ⰄⰜⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ (ⰑⰐⰅ ⰄⰀⰕⰀⰔⰅⰕ ~5.7%; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰔ ⰐⰀⰂⰉ ⰕⰀⰓⰃⰅⰕⰔ ~2% ⰏⰋⰎⰄ, ~0.1–0.2% ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ, ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰎⰋⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰅⰐⰕⰋⰓⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰀⰔⰍ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰎⰅⰄⰃⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰋⰕⰖⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰅⰓ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ/ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰑⰓ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰂⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰂⰋⰍⰋⰒⰅⰄⰋⰀ/ⰒⰏⰜ/ⰖⰘⰏⰔ/ⰄⰀⰐ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (1908), ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 (ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰰ/Ⰱ ⰜⰑⰅⰗⰗⰋⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/0), Ⰿ-ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰒⰏ/ⰓⰃⰁⰏ ⰄⰖⰀⰎ-ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ, ⰘⰅⰐⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰑⰂ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰁⰑⰕ’Ⱄ ~14–15 ⰖⰘⰏⰔ-ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ — ⰄⰜⰔ ⰑⰜⰜⰖⰓⰔ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰗⰋⰎⰅ (ⰑⰐⰅ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰔ ~5.7%; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰔⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐⰔ ⰕⰑ ~2% ⰏⰋⰎⰄ / ~0.1–0.2% ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ), ⰔⰑ "ⰐⰑ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ, ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰖⰀⰓⰀⰐⰕⰅⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ; ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ, ⰑⰓ ⰑⰗⰗ-ⰃⰀⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰋⰎⰉ ⰗⰀⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰅⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰋⰕ), ⰋⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰎⰅⰄⰃⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰘⰕ — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰓ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰄⰂⰋⰜⰅ; ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰗⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰔ.

ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ

4/4 ✓

ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. Ⰰ ⰁⰅⰐⰕ, ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅ ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰔ ⰍⰐⰋⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰕⰓⰀⰘⰅⰄⰓⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ, ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰑⰖⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘⰎⰉ ⰔⰋⰘⰕⰉ-ⰔⰋⰘ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰉⰔ — ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰗⰀⰏⰑⰖⰔⰎⰉ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ 4 °Ⱌ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰋⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰈⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰒ, ⰔⰘⰅⰎⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰁⰅⰐⰅⰀⰕⰘ; ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰖⰃⰅ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰁⰖⰗⰗⰅⰓⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ; ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰐⰕ. ⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰓⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰎⰂⰋⰐ ⰖⰐⰕⰋⰎ 2019, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰕ ~1481 Ⰿ/Ⱄ. ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰋⰜⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰄⰄⰅⰐ ⰑⰜⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰖⰓⰑⰒⰀ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰜⰅⰎⰀⰄⰖⰔ, ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ, ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅⰄ-ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ-ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ.

• ✓ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓ, ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅ — Ⱈ₂Ⱁ, ⰁⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰕ ~104.5°, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰔ (Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰕⰓⰀⰘⰅⰄⰓⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ); ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕⰔ ~66 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰀⰕ ~3.98 °Ⱌ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰜⰅ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰎⰋⰍⰖⰋⰄ (ⰔⰑ ⰋⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰈⰅ ⰕⰑⰒ-ⰄⰑⰂⰐ, ⰔⰘⰅⰎⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ); ⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ (~4.18 Ⰹ/Ⰳ·Ⰽ, ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ’Ⱄ ⰜⰎⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ ⰁⰖⰗⰗⰅⰓ), ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰋⰔⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰐⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰔ — ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ/ⰎⰋⰍⰖⰋⰄ/ⰃⰀⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰕⰓⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ (273.16 Ⰽ, 611.66 ⰒⰀ) ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰎⰂⰋⰐ ⰖⰐⰕⰋⰎ 2019; ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰂⰅⰎⰔ ~1481 Ⰿ/Ⱄ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ (≈4.3× ⰀⰋⰓ); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰜⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰑⰜⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰑⰐⰔ (ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ — ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ)
• ✓ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ "ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ"/ⰘⰑⰏⰅⰑⰒⰀⰕⰘⰉ (ⰐⰑ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ ⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎⰔ), ⰅⰏⰑⰕⰑ’Ⱄ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ/ⰏⰖⰔⰋⰜ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰜⰓⰉⰔⰕⰀⰎⰔ (ⰖⰐⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ, ⰄⰅⰁⰖⰐⰍⰅⰄ), "ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅⰄ/ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ" ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰕⰘ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰉⰑⰖ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰔⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰎ ⰉⰑⰖ" — ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (ⰁⰅⰐⰕ ~104.5°, ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓ, ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ Ⱈ-ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ (ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ ~3.98 °Ⱌ / ⰋⰜⰅ ⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰎⰋⰍⰖⰋⰄ, ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ~4.18 Ⰹ/Ⰳ·Ⰽ, ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰋⰔⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰁⰓⰑⰀⰄ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰐⰜⰉ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰓⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ (273.16 Ⰽ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅ-2019 ⰍⰅⰎⰂⰋⰐ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ (~1481 Ⰿ/Ⱄ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ/ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜⰔ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ: ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ "ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ"/ⰘⰑⰏⰅⰑⰒⰀⰕⰘⰉ (ⰐⰑ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰑⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ, Ⱈ-ⰁⰑⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔ ⰓⰅⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐⰋⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰋⰜⰑⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄⰔ; ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ ⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎⰔ), ⰅⰏⰑⰕⰑ’Ⱄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰜⰓⰉⰔⰕⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ (ⰖⰐⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ, ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ), "ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅⰄ/ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎ/ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ" ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰕⰘ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ". ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰖⰁⰋⰍⰖⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰜⰅ-ⰕⰑ-ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰅⰕⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; "ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰔⰒⰑⰐⰄⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘⰕ/ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ/ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ.

ⰔⰀⰎⰕ · ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ · ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ · ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ

4/4 ✓

ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ, ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ, ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ, ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ — ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ. ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰓ (~9.95 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ) ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ (~10.20 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ), ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰑⰖⰜⰘ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ — ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ. "ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰉⰕⰘ. ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ, ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰋⰃⰃⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰄⰓⰑⰒ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ, ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ. ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (ⰜⰑⰑⰎ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ, ⰂⰀⰓⰏ ⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰕ, ⰒⰅⰓ ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰓ 06-07) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰖⰕⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ.

• ✓ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ — ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰓ (~9.95 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ, ρ≈1025) ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ (~10.20 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ, ρ≈1000), ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ ⰘⰋⰃⰘⰅⰓ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ/ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ (ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ; "ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰉⰕⰘ)
• ✓ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ — Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰄⰓⰑⰒ (ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰔⰔ); ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰈⰘ-Ⰾ16 ⰋⰔ ⰂⰓⰋⰕⰕⰅⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ (Ⱂ_ⰋⰃⰕⰑⰎ = Ⰰ + Ⱂ_ⰀⰏⰁ/Ⰱ), ⰗⰅⰅⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰖⰕⰑⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ — ⰐⰑ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰅ ⰔⰅⰀ-ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ (ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅⰁⰀⰓ ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅⰁⰀⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰏⰀⰐⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎ (ⰕⰓ 06-07, 2007) ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰗⰋⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ: ⰜⰑⰑⰎ ⰄⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰖⰒⰕⰀⰍⰅ (ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰓⰏ ⰄⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗⰗ-ⰃⰀⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ (ⰄⰅⰜⰑ) ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰏⰀⰎ, ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ (ⰂⰀⰓⰏ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ, ⰜⰑⰎⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ) ⰋⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ/ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ-ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ — ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰅⰘⰅⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰓⰅⰒⰅⰕⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰃⰀⰔ, ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰑⰔⰕ-ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰂⰀⰓⰏⰋⰐⰃ — ⰋⰔ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ (Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰃⰘⰕⰅⰓ ⰃⰗ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰉⰖⰄⰃⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰓⰏ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰂⰔ-ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ — ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅⰁⰀⰓ (ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ + ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ) ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰔⰘⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰀⰔⰍ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ/ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ/ⰅⰘⰅⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰓⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ (ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰎⰀⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ); ⰀⰐ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ (ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ~9.95 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ, ρ≈1025; ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ ~10.20 Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ, ρ≈1000) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ. ⰍⰅⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ): ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ — "ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰈⰘ-Ⰾ16, ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰀⰖⰕⰑⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ (ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰅⰀ-ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ). ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰑⰐ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰓ 06-07, 2007 — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ 2011 ⰄⰅⰅⰒ-ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕ — ⰜⰑⰑⰎ-ⰖⰒⰕⰀⰍⰅ/ⰂⰀⰓⰏ-ⰑⰗⰗⰃⰀⰔ ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰏⰀⰎ, ⰂⰀⰓⰏ-ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ/ⰜⰑⰎⰄ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰕ; ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰒⰑⰔⰕ-ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ-ⰂⰀⰓⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ/ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰕⰅⰓⰏ; ⰋⰕ, ⰅⰘⰅⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰓⰅⰒⰅⰕⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰖⰔⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ. ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ "ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰔ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ" ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ. ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ: ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ; ⰄⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰉ.

ⰃⰀⰔ ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ · ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ · ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰔ

5/5 ✓

ⰃⰀⰔ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰑⰓⰔ, ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ. ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰘⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ (ⰅⰀⰐ32 ≈ 34 Ⰿ), ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ; ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰀⰐⰍⰔ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰀⰏ. Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰒⰑ₂, ⰔⰑ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰉ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰋⰐⰖⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ — ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ-ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰕⰘⰓⰋⰗⰕⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ" ⰗⰑⰓⰏ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰓⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ Ⰰ ⰃⰖⰅⰔⰔ. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄⰔ, ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰑⰒ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅⰄ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ-ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ. ⰀⰎⰎ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ; ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰋⰕⰖⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕ.

• ✓ⰃⰀⰔ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ — ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰜⰘⰑⰔⰅⰐ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ, ⰏⰀⰘⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰔ’Ⱄ Ⱁ₂-ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ (ⰅⰀⰐ32 → ~34 Ⰿ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰅⰔⰕⰏⰋⰘⰗⰑ2 ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰜⰘⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ Ⱁ₂ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ; ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ/ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰀⰐⰍⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰑⰓⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰃⰅⰔ/ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰎⰅⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰀⰏ ⰎⰑⰃⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ — Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰎⰖⰅⰐⰕ (ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ) ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ − ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ (ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕⰁⰀⰓ: 4 ⰁⰀⰓ, 1.3 ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ → 2.7 ⰁⰀⰓ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ); ⰋⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰔ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰄ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰅⰗⰗⰋⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ (ⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰜⰉⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔ, ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰀⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⱁ₂ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰅⰄ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰎⰑⰑⰒ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰉ, ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ/ⰄⰋⰎⰖⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰖⰖⰋⰄ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰑ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰃⰖⰅⰔⰔ; "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰏ/ⰅⰐⰜⰓⰉⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄⰔ (ⰕⰖⰓⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰕ 1/3 ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ, 1/3 ⰕⰑ ⰓⰅⰕⰖⰓⰐ, 1/3 ⰘⰅⰎⰄ ⰁⰀⰜⰍ: ⰃⰀⰔⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄⰔ(3000) = 1000 Ⰾ) ⰑⰓ Ⰰ 1/2-ⰑⰐ-ⰕⰑⰒ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ (ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅⰄ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ × 3/2: ⰃⰀⰔⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰘⰀⰎⰗⰑⰐⰕⰑⰒ(2000) = 3000 Ⰾ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (1/3, 1/2 → 3/2), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰏⰑⰄ, ⰁⰅⰔⰕ-ⰏⰋⰘ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰜⰓ ⰄⰋⰎⰖⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ: ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰑⰓ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰜⰉⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰜⰜⰓ ⰀⰄⰄⰔ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ (ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰀ, ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰑⰘⰋⰀ, ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰀⰒⰐⰋⰀ, ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰁⰁⰅⰓ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ) ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰏⰀⰘⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ / ⰁⰅⰔⰕⰏⰋⰘⰗⰑ2 (ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ), ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕⰁⰀⰓ (Ⰰ ⰜⰜⰓ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ-ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰄⰋⰎⰖⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ = ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ − ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰔ (ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄⰔ = 1/3 ⰑⰗ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ; 1/2-ⰑⰐ-ⰕⰑⰒ = ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅⰄ × 3/2) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ. "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰏ/ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ: ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰁⰎⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰑⰓ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰑⰖⰔ (Ⱁ₂ ⰗⰋⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ, ⰜⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰀⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰅ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰜⰉⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰓ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰏⰑⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅ-ⰒⰓⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ (ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰀⰒⰐⰋⰀ/ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰁⰁⰅⰓ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ), ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰔ. ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ; ⰋⰕ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ, ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰍⰅⰅⰒ ⰀⰐⰉⰑⰐⰅ ⰀⰎⰋⰂⰅ.

ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ · ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ · ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ

4/4 ✓

ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ, ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ-ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰕⰅⰀⰏ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ — ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ 3-ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰒ (ⰃⰗ 30/85 ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰐⰔ Ⰰ 40 Ⰿ/30 ⰏⰋⰐ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ 9 Ⰿ ⰕⰑ 18 Ⰿ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰐⰀⰎ 3 Ⰿ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ, ⰋⰔ ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰐⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰗ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰅ ⰔⰅⰕ; ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰏⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰒⰋⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ. ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰀⰏ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ — ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ, ⰘⰒⰐⰔ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ — ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰀⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰘ.

• ✓ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰄⰄⰅⰄ — ⰁⰖⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐⰃⰗⰄⰋⰂⰅⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰀⰄⰉⰖⰔⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰉ Ⰰ ⰃⰗ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ 3-ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰒ (ⰃⰗ 30/85 ⰀⰕ 40 Ⰿ/30 ⰏⰋⰐ → ⰀⰐ 18 Ⰿ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰂⰔ 9 Ⰿ ⰓⰀⰂ; ⰃⰗ = 1/1 ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔ ⰓⰀⰂ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ; Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰃⰗ ⰎⰑⰂ → Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ). ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ ⰔⰋⰕ ⰀⰕ 3/6/9/… Ⰿ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰐⰀⰎ 3 Ⰿ → ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ) ⰋⰔ ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰐ ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰎⰉ, ≈1 ⰏⰋⰐ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰗ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓⰔ — ⰔⰅⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰃⰗⰐⰖⰏ/ⰃⰗⰄⰅⰐ (30/100 = 3/10 ⰂⰋⰀ ⰓⰀⰕ), ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ; ⰀⰐ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓⰅⰄ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ-ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰖⰕⰒⰖⰕ)
• ✓ⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰀⰐ 18/45 ⰏⰋⰘ → Ⱁ₂ = 18/100, ⰘⰅ = 45/100, Ⱀ₂ = 37/100, ⰔⰖⰏⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ 1/1), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰒⰋⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ × ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰑⰗⰗ-ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰗⰀⰔⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ
• ✓Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰀⰏ / ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ-ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰓⰅ-ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰎⰅⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ — Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ (ⰀⰘⰏⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰁⰓ, 332.35 Ⰿ, 2014, ~15 ⰏⰋⰐ ⰄⰑⰂⰐ / ~14 Ⱈ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰒ) ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ: ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ, ⰘⰋⰃⰘ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰐⰅⰓⰂⰑⰖⰔ ⰔⰉⰐⰄⰓⰑⰏⰅ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ / ⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰑⰗ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰁⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ (~300–350 Ⰿ) ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ, ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ Ⱂ_ⰀⰏⰁ,ⰕⰑⰎ = (Ⱂ − ⰃⰗ·Ⰰ)/(1 − ⰃⰗ + ⰃⰗ/Ⰱ) ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕ; ⰃⰗ 1/1 ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰓⰀⰂ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ, Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰃⰗ ⰎⰑⰂ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰗ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ/ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ — Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ-ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰁⰅⰐⰅⰗⰋⰕ. ⰁⰖⰕ "ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰋⰔⰅ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰃⰑⰂⰅⰓⰐⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰍⰋⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰗ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ/ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰄⰅ-ⰑⰗⰗ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰐⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰑⰗⰗ-ⰃⰀⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ. ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ-ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ (Ⱁ₂ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ, ⰘⰒⰐⰔ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ, ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰜⰔ; ⰀⰘⰏⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰁⰓ’Ⱄ 332.35 Ⰿ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰃⰖⰋⰐⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ: ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ-ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ, ⰐⰑ ⰗⰖⰎⰎ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰄⰖⰎⰅ, ⰐⰑ ⰜⰐⰔ/ⰑⰕⰖ ⰑⰓ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ) — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰅⰜⰘⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ, ⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰔ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰕ ⰕⰅⰀⰏⰔ, ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰘⰀⰎ. "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ/ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ.

ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ & ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ

4/4 ✓

ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ. ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰎⰑⰂⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰕⰅⰎⰎⰔ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰋⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰔ ⰋⰕ (ⰀⰋⰓ ⰀⰕ 50 Ⰿ ⰗⰅⰅⰎⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ 50 Ⰿ; ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ 18/45 ⰎⰋⰍⰅ 18 Ⰿ). ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ — ⰀⰜⰖⰕⰅ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ, ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4/1.6 ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰓⰃⰋⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰖⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰖⰎⰏⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰄⰑⰔⰅ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰑⰕⰖ. ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰁⰖⰉⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ (Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰋⰓ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰅⰕ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰃⰑ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ — Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰜⰘⰅⰓ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰘⰋⰕⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ ⰔⰑⰑⰐⰅⰓ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰔⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰔⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰗⰀⰕⰀⰎ.

• ✓ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ — ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ ("ⰓⰀⰒⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ") ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰎⰋⰒⰋⰄ ⰔⰑⰎⰖⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ (ⰏⰅⰉⰅⰓ-ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰕⰑⰐ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ (ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ) ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰋⰓ-ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ, ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔ ⰋⰕ (ⰀⰋⰓ ⰀⰕ 50 Ⰿ → ⰅⰐⰄ ≈ 50 Ⰿ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ 18/45 ⰀⰕ 50 Ⰿ → ⰅⰐⰄ ≈ 18 Ⰿ). ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ — ⰕⰂⰑ ⰅⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ
• ✓ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ — ⰀⰜⰖⰕⰅ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ (ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ: ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ, ⰄⰀⰉ-ⰕⰑ-ⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰍⰅⰄ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰑⰗ 1.4 ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰋⰐⰃ / 1.6 ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ-ⰏⰀⰐⰀⰃⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰜⰎⰋⰗⰗ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰖⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰖⰎⰏⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ (ⰑⰕⰖ/ⰖⰒⰕⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰖⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰀⰁⰑⰂⰅ 0.5 ⰁⰀⰓ — ≈ 1.63 ⰑⰕⰖ/ⰏⰋⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4); ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰏⰋⰘ ⰕⰓⰀⰄⰅ-ⰑⰗⰗ, ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ — ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰋⰓ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ (ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕⰀⰋⰓⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ) ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ (ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ) ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰏⰋⰘ (ⰅⰀⰐ32 ⰀⰕ 40 Ⰿ → ⰅⰀⰄ ≈ 33 Ⰿ, ⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰀⰋⰓ), ⰔⰑ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰁⰖⰉⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ; ⰁⰖⰕ "ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰔ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰃⰑ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰂⰀⰓⰄⰔ — Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰜⰘⰅⰓ Ⱁ₂ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰏⰑⰄ (ⰋⰕ ⰘⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰜⰅⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰑⰑⰐⰅⰓ). ⰏⰑⰄ, ⰅⰀⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ (ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ / ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ / ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰅⰐⰄ, ⰅⰀⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰖ ⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰔⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰔⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰗⰀⰕⰀⰎ (ⰄⰓⰑⰂⰐⰋⰐⰃ); ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰜⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ — Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ (ⰅⰐⰄ), ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕⰀⰋⰓⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘⰏ (ⰅⰀⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰕⰖⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰅⰘ ⰒⰖⰎⰏⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ-ⰑⰕⰖ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰎⰀⰂ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ; ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4/1.6 ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰋⰐⰃ/ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ-ⰏⰀⰐⰀⰃⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ. ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ: ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ (ⰕⰂⰑ ⰅⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ). ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰖⰕⰅ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰖⰎⰏⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ/ⰄⰀⰋⰎⰉ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰅⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰍ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰏⰑⰄ (Ⱁ₂ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ), ⰅⰀⰄ (ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰄ (ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ; "ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ = ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ. ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ: ⰀⰐ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰖⰔⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰄⰓⰑⰂⰐⰋⰐⰃ — ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰜⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰋⰕⰖⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ.

ⰋⰔⰑⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ

4/4 ✓

ⰋⰔⰑⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ — ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ. ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰔⰘⰅⰔ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰉⰑⰖⰓ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅⰔ ⰗⰀⰔⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰀⰔⰘⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ; ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰅⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ. ⰋⰕ ⰔⰘⰑⰂⰔ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰂⰀⰉⰔ: ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰗⰋⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰔⰍⰋⰐ ⰎⰅⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰅ — ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰐⰃⰅⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ-ⰕⰑ-ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰐⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰔ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ.

• ✓ⰋⰜⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ — ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰑⰒⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰅ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (Ⰵ.Ⰳ. ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰔⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰀⰔⰘⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰗⰕⰅⰓ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ-ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰘ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰏⰑⰂⰅ ⰀⰕ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰜⰓⰅⰀⰔⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰀⰕⰅ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ ⰑⰓ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰋⰔⰑⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ" ⰔⰖⰓⰒⰓⰋⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰅ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰂⰑ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ — ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰗⰋⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰋⰜⰄ (ⰔⰍⰋⰐ / ⰔⰖⰁⰜⰖⰕⰀⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ, ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰘⰀⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰃⰀⰔ: ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰀⰔ, ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰏⰁⰅⰓ → ⰖⰓⰕⰋⰜⰀⰓⰋⰀ/ⰔⰍⰋⰐ ⰎⰅⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ-ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ / ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰋⰜⰄ (ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ → ⰋⰔⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰄⰜⰔ, ⰂⰅⰓⰕⰋⰃⰑ/ⰘⰅⰀⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰑⰔⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ — ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰄⰎⰉ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ→ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰐⰃⰅⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂ (ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰜⰋⰕⰅ Ⰰ "5/95" ⰘⰅⰖⰓⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ). ⰄⰑⰑⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅ & ⰏⰋⰕⰜⰘⰅⰎⰎ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰅⰓⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ/ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰐⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰜⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ (ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ); ⰜⰓⰖⰜⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ, ⰋⰜⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰔ (ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ/ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰕⰓⰅⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ) — Ⰰ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰋⰔⰑⰁⰀⰓⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰐⰑⰐ — ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰗⰋⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰋⰜⰄ (ⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰍⰋⰐ ⰎⰅⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰓⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰋⰜⰄ (ⰋⰔⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ-ⰅⰀⰓ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ→ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ / ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰄⰑⰑⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅ & ⰏⰋⰕⰜⰘⰅⰎⰎ’Ⱄ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰅⰓⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ/ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰔ (Ⰵ.Ⰳ. ⰕⰘⰅ "5/95" ⰘⰅⰖⰓⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰄⰑⰜⰕⰓⰋⰐⰅ. ⰍⰅⰉ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰔ (ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ/ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ) ⰕⰓⰅⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ ⰃⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰜⰄ — ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ (ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ ⰕⰑ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ-ⰓⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰕⰓⰋⰏⰋⰘ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰅⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ.

ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ-ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ, ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ. Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ-ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ — 54 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ, 13 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ-ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰎⰅⰄⰃⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰔ ⰐⰀⰂⰉ, ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ, ⰄⰀⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰅⰅⰓ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰋⰐⰅ. ⰋⰕ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ (ⰈⰘ-Ⰾ16 ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ), ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰔ (ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ; ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰖⰄⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰓ 06-07 ⰑⰗ 2007), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒⰅⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ (ⰏⰑⰄ/ⰅⰀⰄ/ⰅⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ, "ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰃⰑⰅⰔ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰂⰀⰓⰄⰔ, Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰑ₂ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰑ₂ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰃⰑ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰜ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰅⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰒⰀⰓⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ-ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰀⰐ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰉ ⰔⰕⰅⰒ — ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰁⰉ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ — ⰄⰋⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ — ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰈⰘ-Ⰾ16 ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ (Ⱂ_ⰋⰃⰕⰑⰎ = Ⰰ + Ⱂ_ⰀⰏⰁ/Ⰱ, Ⰰ = 2/∛Ⱅ½, Ⰱ = 1.005 − 1/√Ⱅ½), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ-ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄ / ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4-ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰋⰐⰃ-1.6-ⰄⰅⰜⰑ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰀⰖⰕⰘⰑⰓⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ (54 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ 5 ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰔ)
• ✓ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ-ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰎⰅⰄⰃⰅ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰔ — (1) ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ, ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ("ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰉⰕⰘ); (2) ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ (ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰔⰅⰀ-ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰀ Ⰰ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ; (3) ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰖⰄⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰓ 06-07 (2007), ⰐⰑⰕ "2011"; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰿ/ⰁⰀⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒⰅⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰕⰓⰖⰕⰘ (ⰔⰀⰎⰕ 9.949, ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ 10.197)
• ✓ⰋⰕ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒⰅⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ — ⰏⰑⰄ, ⰅⰀⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ (Ⱁ₂ ⰕⰑⰘⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ / ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰎⰑⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ / ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ; "ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰔ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰃⰑ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰂⰀⰓⰄⰔ (Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰜⰘⰅⰓ ⰏⰋⰘ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰏⰑⰄ, ⰋⰕ ⰁⰖⰉⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰕⰑⰏ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ); Ⰰ ⰜⰜⰓ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰑ₂ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑ₂ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ (ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰜ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰘⰋⰄⰋⰔⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰖⰅⰎ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰅⰄ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ-ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ ⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ ("ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰓ / ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰖⰐⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ", "ⰉⰑⰖ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰗⰅⰅⰎ ⰓⰋⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑ₂ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰀⰋⰎ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ", "10 Ⰿ = ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ 1 ⰁⰀⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ = ⰔⰀⰎⰕ") ⰔⰋⰕ ⰀⰒⰀⰓⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰏⰀⰐⰄⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ-ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ / ⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰑⰂ ⰃⰗ-ⰎⰑⰂ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰎⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰑⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎⰔ ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰎⰅⰐⰃⰅⰄ; ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ Ⱁ₂ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰄ); ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰎⰄ
• ✓ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ ⰓⰀⰐ ⰀⰖⰕⰑⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰐⰖⰀⰎ: ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰁⰑⰂⰅ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰔⰓⰜ/0, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰓⰅ-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰎ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰋⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰔⰀⰎⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ = ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑ; ⰀⰎⰕⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰈⰘ-Ⰾ16; ⰐⰅⰄⰖ ⰕⰓ 06-07/2007 ⰐⰑⰕ 2011; ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ), ⰐⰑⰂ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/0 ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰂ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ: ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ-ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ (ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ-ⰋⰔ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰓ, ⰗⰅⰅⰎ-ⰕⰘⰅ-ⰜⰑ₂) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰄⰅⰅⰒ-ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ, ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰐⰀⰓⰜⰑⰔⰋⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰄ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰉ. ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ: ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰀⰖⰕⰑⰏⰀⰕⰅⰄ, ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰀⰐⰖⰀⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ.

ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰀⰖⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ — Ⰰ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰂⰅⰔⰔⰅⰎ, ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ, ⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰁⰎⰋⰃⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰘⰅⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅⰔ. ⰃⰑⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰜⰀⰁⰋⰐ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ 4.3-ⰒⰔⰋ ⰔⰖⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰅⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰉⰖⰔⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰀⰖⰕⰔ ⰒⰓⰅ-ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰄⰖⰎⰅ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰍⰋⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰓⰅⰘⰅⰀⰓⰔⰅ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰂⰀⰎⰍⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰎⰀⰁ; ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰔⰖⰋⰕ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰁⰁⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑ₂ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰘⰉⰃⰅⰐ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰀⰒⰐⰋⰀ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰖⰏⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ-ⰀⰔ-ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰎⰉ; ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰖⰏ — ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰂⰅⰓⰔⰖⰔ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ — ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰔ.

• ✓ⰅⰂⰀ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ) — ⰏⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ~14.7 ⰒⰔⰋ ⰜⰀⰁⰋⰐ (79% Ⱀ₂ / 21% Ⱁ₂, ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ-ⰎⰋⰍⰅ) ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ~4.3 ⰒⰔⰋ (29.6 ⰍⰒⰀ) ⰒⰖⰓⰅ-Ⱁ₂ ⰅⰏⰖ ⰔⰖⰋⰕ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰔⰑ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ, ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ; ⰐⰀⰔⰀ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰄⰅⰍⰖⰀⰜⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ Ⱃ = (ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ Ⱀ₂ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ) / (ⰔⰖⰋⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ) ⰑⰐ Ⰰ 360-ⰏⰋⰐⰖⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰒⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ Ⱃ ≈ 1.65 — Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰄⰀⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ’Ⱄ 1908 ~2:1 ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰜⰑⰎⰔ (4 Ⱈ ⰋⰐ-ⰔⰖⰋⰕ Ⱁ₂; ⰕⰘⰅ 10.2 ⰒⰔⰋ ⰔⰕⰀⰃⰅⰄ ≥12 Ⱈ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰐⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰜⰀⰏⰒⰑⰖⰕ; ⰋⰔⰎⰅ ⰅⰘⰅⰓⰜⰋⰔⰅ-ⰒⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰄⰖⰎⰅⰔ; ⰀⰒⰑⰎⰎⰑ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰅⰄ ~ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰒⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰀⰁⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ 5 ⰒⰔⰋ ⰒⰖⰓⰅ Ⱁ₂
• ✓ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰀⰖⰕⰔ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰔ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ — ⰐⰀⰔⰀ’Ⱄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰎⰀⰁⰑⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ~12 Ⰿ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ, ~23-ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ-ⰎⰋⰕⰓⰅ ⰒⰑⰑⰎ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰅⰂⰀⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰘⰅⰀⰓⰔⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰔⰖⰋⰕⰔ; ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰘⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰄⰉ’Ⱄ ⰃⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰓⰀⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰋⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰀⰖⰕ’Ⱄ ⰖⰏⰁⰋⰎⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰁⰖⰄⰄⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰎⰑⰑⰒ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ — Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰋⰕ ⰒⰎⰔⰔ / ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰜⰓⰀⰗⰕ ⰅⰜⰎⰔⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓⰔ Ⱁ₂ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰁⰔ ⰜⰑ₂ (ⰎⰋⰑⰘ ⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰅⰄⰔ) ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰕⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰀ, ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰑⰘⰋⰀ, ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰀⰒⰐⰋⰀ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ-ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ (ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰖⰏⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰓⰃⰋⰐⰔ) ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰑⰗ-ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰅⰔ (ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ, ⰋⰐⰅⰓⰕ-ⰃⰀⰔ ⰍⰋⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰂⰅⰔⰔⰅⰎ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰂⰋⰓⰑⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓ: ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ, ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ-ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ; ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰑⰓⰑⰋⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰋⰐⰃ-ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ. Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅⰄ: ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰜⰘⰀⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰜⰑⰎⰔ ⰔⰘⰑⰂ ~24% ⰄⰜⰔ ⰋⰐⰜⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰉⰅⰕ ⰐⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰜⰀⰔⰅ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰑⰜⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰜⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰖⰔ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰗⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰅⰂⰀ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰜⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰏⰀⰉ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓ↔ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰀⰖⰕ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ. "ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰅⰕⰀⰓⰉ-ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰀⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ; ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 69 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ — ⰅⰂⰀ ⰒⰓⰅ-ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰜⰅⰄⰖⰓⰅ (ⰋⰔⰔ ⰅⰏⰖ ~4.3 ⰒⰔⰋ ⰒⰖⰓⰅ Ⱁ₂, ⰜⰀⰁⰋⰐ ~14.7 ⰒⰔⰋ 79/21; ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰂⰀⰔⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰄⰜⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰀⰔⰀ’Ⱄ ⰒⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰋⰔⰔⰖⰅ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ Ⱃ ≈ 1.65 (360-ⰏⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰕⰏⰅⰐⰕ) ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰄⰀⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ’Ⱄ 1908 ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰎⰀⰁⰑⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ~12 Ⰿ / ~23 ⰏⰎ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰑⰑⰎ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰋⰕ/ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰜⰓⰀⰗⰕ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰎⰑⰑⰒ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰁⰓⰅⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ (ⰜⰑ₂ ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰁⰁⰋⰐⰃ + Ⱁ₂ ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰑⰘⰋⰀ/ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰀⰒⰐⰋⰀ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅⰔ). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ — ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰑⰉⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰘⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ (ⰄⰓⰀⰃ, ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰐⰑ ⰕⰓⰖⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰗⰀⰎⰎ), ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰄⰄⰔ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰑⰓⰑⰋⰄ ⰘⰀⰈⰀⰓⰄⰔ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃⰎⰉ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰔ ⰔⰘⰑⰂ ~24% ⰄⰜⰔ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ-ⰗⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰅⰂⰀ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰘⰀⰄ ⰐⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰜⰀⰔⰅ (ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰜⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ/ⰑⰓ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ). "ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ-ⰕⰑ-ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ" ⰋⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰅⰕⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰋⰜⰅ, ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕⰔ, ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰑⰜⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰖⰓⰑⰒⰀ/ⰅⰐⰜⰅⰎⰀⰄⰖⰔ), ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰎⰖⰋⰄ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰗⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰑⰓ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰃⰖⰋⰄⰀⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ — ⰄⰅⰅⰒ & ⰂⰋⰄⰅ

6/6 ✓

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰄⰅⰅⰒ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰋⰄⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰍⰖⰋⰔⰋⰕⰅⰎⰉ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰀⰎⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ: ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ, ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰐⰃ-ⰓⰀⰐⰃⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰀⰎⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰔⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰏⰒⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ Ⰳ-2, ⰏⰀⰕⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰂⰅⰎⰂⰅ ⰗⰋⰃⰖⰓⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰒⰓⰅⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ’Ⱄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰓ "ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ" ⰁⰉ ⰁⰓⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ. ⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰄⰀⰉ — ⰋⰕ ⰍⰅⰅⰒⰔ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰎⰋⰍⰖⰋⰄ, ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ: ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰋⰐⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ" ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ.

• ✓ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰂ Ⱇ/Ⰰ = −π²ħⰜ/240Ⰴ⁴ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ, ⰉⰅⰕ ⰐⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰘⰋⰏⰋⰕⰉ-ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰘⰋⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰑ ⰄⰑⰄⰃⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎⰋⰔⰏ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ): ⰔⰒⰀⰓⰐⰀⰀⰉ 1958 (~100%, ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰐⰜⰎⰖⰔⰋⰂⰅ) → ⰎⰀⰏⰑⰓⰅⰀⰖⰘ 1997 (~5%, ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰜⰎⰖⰔⰋⰂⰅ) → ⰏⰑⰘⰋⰄⰅⰅⰐ–ⰓⰑⰉ 1998 (~1%, ⰀⰗⰏ) → ⰁⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋ 2002 (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰓⰖⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰉⰖⰔⰕ ~15%) → ⰄⰅⰜⰜⰀ ⰏⰅⰏⰔ (ⰔⰖⰁ-1%); ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰎⰔ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰅ-ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ (ⰂⰋⰎⰔⰑⰐ 2011, Ⰰ ⰔⰍⰖⰋⰄ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰀⰕ ~0.25Ⱌ) ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰋⰐⰃ (ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰄⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰋⰕ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ: ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰕⰀⰓⰄⰅⰄ (ⰎⰑⰐⰃ-ⰓⰀⰐⰃⰅ) ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰀⰎⰔ / ⰎⰑⰐⰄⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ (ⰉⰀⰗⰗⰅ 2005) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰋⰐⰄⰖⰜⰅⰄ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰑⰖⰔ ⰒⰘⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰐⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰅⰓⰉ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰔⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰏⰒⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰅⰄ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ (≈1057 ⰏⰘⰈ, 1947) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰑⰖⰔ ⰏⰑⰏⰅⰐⰕ Ⰰ_Ⰵ = (Ⰳ−2)/2 ≈ 0.00115965218, ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰕⰑ ~12 ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰕ ⰗⰋⰃⰖⰓⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ); ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰗⰖⰎⰎ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ" ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰒⰓⰅⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ (ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰂⰔ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ — ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰓⰅⰒⰀⰐⰜⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (~120–123 ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ, ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ ~55–60 ⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ), ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ 10¹²⁰"; Λ = 8πⰃ·ρ_ⰂⰀⰜ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ (≈2×10⁻⁵² Ⰿ⁻²), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ; ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰑⰎⰄ" ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰂⰘⰉ ⰋⰔⰐ’Ⱅ Λ ⰘⰖⰃⰅ?) ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ 1998 ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰔⰉ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅ ⰋⰕ (ⰁⰓⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰔⰖⰔⰉ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ). ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰅ: ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰍⰅⰅⰒⰔ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ-4 ⰎⰋⰍⰖⰋⰄ ⰀⰕ 1 ⰀⰕⰏ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄⰋⰗⰉ ⰀⰕ ~25 ⰀⰕⰏ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ-ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰖⰎⰔⰋⰑⰐ (ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰔ"); ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰗⰎⰖⰋⰄ ⰘⰅ-4 ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ~7–10% ⰁⰑⰔⰅ-ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅⰄ (ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ + ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ 100% ⰁⰅⰜ); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ½ħω ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰁⰑⰐⰄ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰔⰑⰕⰑⰒⰅ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰁⰑⰓⰐ–ⰑⰒⰒⰅⰐⰘⰅⰋⰏⰅⰓ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅ, ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ → ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰑⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰐⰃⰕⰘⰔ). ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰕ Ⱅ=0, ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰏⰒⰕⰉ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ"
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒⰅⰐⰅⰄ — ⰂⰋⰓⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰒⰑⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰖⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰗⰅⰉⰐⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰋⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏ / ⰕⰅⰓⰏⰔ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰉⰀⰗⰗⰅ/ⰔⰑⰍⰀⰎ ⰜⰀⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰜⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰕⰔ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰈⰒⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ (ⰐⰑ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ → ⰐⰑ ⰐⰅⰕ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ → ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅⰔ, ⰄⰜⰅ "ⰘⰀⰓⰂⰅⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃ", ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ/ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ-ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰈⰒⰅ, ⰑⰓⰃⰑⰐⰅ (ⰓⰅⰋⰜⰘ), ⰕⰑⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ/ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ-ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰀⰍⰋⰏⰑⰂ–ⰔⰘⰋⰒⰑⰂ), "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ". ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰓⰖⰄⰅ-ⰂⰔ-ⰒⰎⰀⰔⰏⰀ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ-ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰒⰖⰈⰈⰎⰅ, ⰓⰅⰒⰖⰎⰔⰋⰂⰅ-ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰎⰅⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ, ⰗⰎⰖⰋⰄ-ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰀⰕⰅⰄ ε₁<ε₃<ε₂). ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ = ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ (Ⰰ432/ⰔⰓⰜ-0)" ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰁⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 59 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 22 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ (ⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰒⰗⰀ, ⰔⰖⰁ-1% ⰂⰋⰀ ⰏⰅⰏⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰘⰕⰁⰑⰑⰍ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ, ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ~15% ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰋⰐⰃ. ⰍⰅⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ: ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅⰔ, ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰂⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰀⰎⰔ, ⰉⰀⰗⰗⰅ 2005); ⰕⰘⰅ 10¹²⁰ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (~60–123); Λ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ; ⰔⰖⰔⰉ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰜ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ; ⰘⰅ-4 ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰕ ~25 ⰀⰕⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ~7–10% ⰁⰅⰜ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰔⰕ "ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰏⰒⰕⰉ" ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰅⰄ (ⰎⰀⰏⰁ, Ⰳ-2 ≈ 0.00115965218) — ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰒⰓⰅⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ. ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰎⰄ: ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰜⰜ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰄⰓⰖⰄⰅ-ⰂⰔ-ⰒⰎⰀⰔⰏⰀ, ⰓⰅⰒⰖⰎⰔⰋⰂⰅ-ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰁⰅⰀⰓⰋⰐⰃⰔ) ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ/ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ-ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ/ⰑⰓⰃⰑⰐⰅ/ⰕⰑⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ-ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ/"ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ"). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ" = ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰰ432/ⰔⰓⰜ-0 ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ, Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰐⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ.

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ

6/6 ✓

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰕⰑⰒ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰜⰖⰓⰋⰑⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ. ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰔⰅⰅⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰕⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ, ⰗⰓⰑⰈⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰏⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰋⰎⰕ Ⱀ_Ⱄ = 0.9649 ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰕ 8.4σ. ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰎⰅⰕ ⰖⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰓ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ: ⰎⰋⰃⰑ ⰋⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰕⰑ ⰓⰅⰔⰘⰀⰒⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰐⰑⰋⰔⰅ (ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰁⰅⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ). ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰖⰐⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ-ⰖⰐⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰁⰅⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰉ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ), ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰓⰖⰘ — ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰖⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰔⰕⰅⰎⰎⰀⰓ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰜⰑⰎⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰀⰓ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ (ⰔⰖⰃⰃⰅⰔⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ). ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰄⰓⰀⰂⰐ.

• ✓ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰅⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰓⰑⰎⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ: ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰕⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓ-ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰈⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ζ = Ⱃ, ⰀⰄⰋⰀⰁⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰀⰖⰔⰔⰋⰀⰐ), ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰓⰅ-ⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰋⰔⰑⰕⰓⰑⰒⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ Ⱀ_Ⱄ = 0.9649 ± 0.0042 (ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ 2018) ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰋⰎⰕ — ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ 8.4σ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰖⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ (Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰏⰋⰎⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ ⰖⰐⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ Ⰱ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰉⰅⰕ, Ⱃ < 0.036; ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰍⰒⰉⰓⰑⰕⰋⰜ/ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰜⰅⰐⰀⰓⰋⰑⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ-ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ (ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ/ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ)
• ✓ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰎⰅⰕⰔ ⰖⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰓ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ — ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰅⰄⰋⰔⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰉⰖⰃⰀⰕⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰄⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ (ΔⰘ·ΔⰉ = ¼ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ — ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅⰀⰕ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ, ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰘⰀⰒⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰋⰔⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰃⰑ ⰋⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (Ⰰ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰏⰅⰀⰐ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ) ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰗⰅⰓⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰒⰑⰓⰕ (~3 ⰄⰁ ⰔⰋⰐⰜⰅ Ⱁ3; ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰀ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰎⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰐ Ⱁ4, ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰋⰔⰅ). Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰄⰅⰒⰎⰑⰉⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰜⰀⰂⰅⰔ 1981)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ-ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰍⰅⰄ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ-ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰓⰑⰐ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ ⰑⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ Ⰵ_Ⱌ ≈ 1.3×10¹⁸ Ⰲ/Ⰿ (Ⰻ_Ⱌ ≈ 4.6×10²⁹ Ⰲ/ⰜⰏ²), ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰎⰀⰔⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰉ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ (ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ-ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰂⰋⰓⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰎⰑⰑⰒⰔ) ⰂⰀⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ (ⰀⰕⰎⰀⰔ, ⰖⰎⰕⰓⰀⰒⰅⰓⰋⰒⰘⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰒⰁ-ⰒⰁ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ, 2017) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ-ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ-ⰍⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰖⰐⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ — ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ Ⱅ_Ⱈ = ħⰜ³/(8πⰃⰏⰍ_Ⰱ) (Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ≈ 62 ⰐⰍ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰓⰖⰘ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ Ⱅ_Ⱆ = ħⰀ/(2πⰜⰍ_Ⰱ) (≈ 1 Ⰽ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ ≈ 2.5×10²⁰ Ⰿ/Ⱄ²) ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ/ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰂⰋⰓⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰔ ⰋⰐ, ⰑⰐⰅ ⰅⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅⰔ" ⰒⰋⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰅⰖⰓⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰃⰑⰎⰋⰖⰁⰑⰂ ⰏⰑⰄⰅ-ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ), ⰔⰕⰅⰎⰎⰀⰓ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰐⰅⰕ-ⰅⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰀⰕ 62 ⰐⰍ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰜⰑⰎⰄⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ 2.7 Ⰽ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰓⰁ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰅⰏⰋⰕ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰎⰀⰁ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰖⰅ (ⰔⰕⰅⰋⰐⰘⰀⰖⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰁⰅⰜ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰖⰎⰅⰓ-ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰎⰀⰃⰓⰀⰐⰃⰋⰀⰐ (ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ-ⰅⰖⰎⰅⰓ & ⰂⰅⰋⰔⰔⰍⰑⰒⰗ, 1936) ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ Ⰱ_Ⱌ ≈ 4.4×10⁹ Ⱅ (4.4×10¹³ Ⰳ); ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐ-ⰔⰕⰀⰓ ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓⰋⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ (ⰓⰘ Ⰹ1856, ⰏⰋⰃⰐⰀⰐⰋ 2016) ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ (ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ-ⰅⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰘⰒⰅ Ⱈ-ⰓⰀⰉ-ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰓⰀ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰗⰖⰓⰕⰘⰅⰓ. ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰔⰖⰃⰃⰅⰔⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰎⰄ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ: ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰖⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ; ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ), ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰋⰐⰃ (ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ, ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰄⰋⰔⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ), ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ (ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ, ⰖⰐⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ), ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ/ⰖⰐⰓⰖⰘ (ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰖⰅ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ), ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ). ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ, ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ/ⰖⰐⰓⰖⰘ, ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰖⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ, ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ) ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ("ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰅⰀⰕⰔ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ / ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰀⰒⰒⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰑⰋⰓ")

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 55 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 20 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ (Ⱀ_Ⱄ = 0.9649 ± 0.0042, ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ 8.4σ; ⰀⰄⰋⰀⰁⰀⰕⰋⰜ + ⰃⰀⰖⰔⰔⰋⰀⰐ) — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰏⰋⰎⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ Ⰱ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ (Ⱃ < 0.036), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ/ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ (ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ/ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ). ⰔⰍⰖⰅⰅⰈⰅⰄ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰎⰋⰃⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰒⰎⰑⰉⰅⰄ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅⰀⰕ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ (ΔⰘ·ΔⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰂⰋⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ (ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰉ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ — ⰀⰕⰎⰀⰔ 2017). ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ Ⱅ_Ⱈ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰓⰖⰘ Ⱅ_Ⱆ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ (ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ≈ 62 ⰐⰍ, ⰔⰖⰁ-ⰜⰏⰁ, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰐⰅⰕ ⰅⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ/ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ (ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰖⰅ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ, ⰔⰕⰅⰋⰐⰘⰀⰖⰅⰓ). ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰁⰋⰓⰅⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰅⰖⰎⰅⰓ-ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ) ⰘⰀⰔ ⰔⰖⰃⰃⰅⰔⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐ-ⰔⰕⰀⰓ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰒⰘⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘⰑⰖⰕ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰐⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰐⰑ ⰘⰅⰋⰔⰅⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ.

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰀ — ⰍⰜⰄ, ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ, ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰀ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰔⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ-ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰀⰎⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰉⰑⰖⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ: ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ-ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰐ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰐⰋⰐⰅⰕⰉ-ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍⰔ — ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰋⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ 246-ⰃⰅⰂ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰜⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ, ⰔⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ-ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ’Ⱄ. ⰑⰖⰓ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰔⰋⰕⰔ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰄⰃⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ — ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰀⰉ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰎⰑⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰎⰄ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰀⰔ "ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ." ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ θ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰖⰈⰈⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ-ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ. ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰀ, ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰅⰗⰖⰎ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰔⰀⰎ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰉⰑⰖⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ — ~99% ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ/ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ (ⰘⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ) ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ + ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ) ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰔⰖⰏ ⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ~9.4 ⰏⰅⰂ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ Ⰰ ~938 ⰏⰅⰂ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ (ⰍⰜⰄⰏⰀⰔⰔⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰑⰗⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ≈ 0.99) — "ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ" (ⰂⰋⰎⰜⰈⰅⰍ), ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰀⰁ ⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰑ ⰁⰉ ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰋⰜⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ (ⰄüⰓⰓ 2008, ~2%). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅ ⟨Ⰽ̄Ⰽ⟩ ≈ −(272 ⰏⰅⰂ)³ (ⰔⰒⰑⰐⰕⰀⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ ⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎ-ⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ) ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ σ/ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ/ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ/ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰉ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ (≈9/31/37/23%) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ-ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰅ ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ — ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰖⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅ ⰀⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ / ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰔⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰘⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰜⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ Ⰲ ≈ 246.22 ⰃⰅⰂ = (√2·Ⰳ_Ⱇ)^(−½); ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰲ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰸ ⰁⰑⰔⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ (ⰂⰋⰀ ⰉⰖⰍⰀⰂⰀ ⰜⰑⰖⰒⰎⰋⰐⰃⰔ) ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰁⰑⰔⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ⰅⰘⰜⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ⰂⰅⰂ — ⰂⰀⰔ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰀⰕ ~125 ⰃⰅⰂ (ⰀⰕⰎⰀⰔ & ⰜⰏⰔ, 2012). ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ~1% ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ-ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ (ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰘⰋⰅⰓⰀⰓⰜⰘⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰉⰖⰍⰀⰂⰀ ⰜⰑⰖⰒⰎⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ
• ✓ⰋⰔ ⰑⰖⰓ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ? — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰑⰒ (~173 ⰃⰅⰂ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ (~125 ⰃⰅⰂ) ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ/ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰁⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ: Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰑⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ-ⰓⰀⰓⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰕⰖⰐⰐⰅⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ (ⰜⰑⰎⰅⰏⰀⰐ–ⰄⰅ ⰎⰖⰜⰜⰋⰀ ⰁⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰂⰀⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰅⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰃⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ. ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ: "ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰅⰀⰐ "ⰖⰐⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰑⰓ "ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ"; ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰄⰑⰑⰏ-ⰏⰑⰐⰃⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ — "ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰏⰏⰋⰐⰅⰐⰕ" ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰘⰜ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰕⰓⰋⰃⰃⰅⰓ ⰋⰕ" (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ-ⰓⰀⰉ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰎⰔⰀⰃ, ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰋⰄⰅⰓ ⰗⰅⰀⰓ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ θ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰓⰋⰂⰋⰀⰎ: ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ θ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ, Ⰰ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰐⰑⰐⰕⰓⰋⰂⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰖⰏ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ (ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ Ⰵ^{Ⰻθν}). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰒ-ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ θ̄ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰑⰖⰔⰎⰉ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ (|θ̄| < 10⁻¹⁰, ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰋⰜ-ⰄⰋⰒⰑⰎⰅ-ⰏⰑⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ) ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ Ⱁ(1) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰖⰈⰈⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰜⰜⰅⰋ–ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰐ ⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ, Ⰰ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰂⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑ ⰖⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ)
• ✓"ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ — ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰎⰅⰀⰔⰕ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ, ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔⰎⰉ-ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰍⰅⰄ/ⰅⰏ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰒⰓⰋⰑⰓ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ θ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅⰔ + ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰑⰐⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ/ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰂⰅⰂ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ) — ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰔⰑⰏⰅⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ; ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰑⰑⰕ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰅⰓⰀⰓⰜⰘⰉ/ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ. ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰀⰒⰒⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰑⰋⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ" / "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰘⰜ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ ⰄⰑⰑⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 64 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 21 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ~99% ⰑⰗ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ/ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍⰔ ~9.4 ⰏⰅⰂ ⰂⰔ 938 ⰏⰅⰂ — ⰍⰜⰄⰏⰀⰔⰔⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰑⰗⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ≈ 0.99; ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰋⰜⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ, ⰄüⰓⰓ 2008; ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2004), ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ (ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ-ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰅ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰂⰅⰂ (246 ⰃⰅⰂ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ 125 ⰃⰅⰂ ⰁⰑⰔⰑⰐ (2012) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰘⰋⰅⰓⰀⰓⰜⰘⰉ. ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕ (ⰕⰑⰒ+ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ) — ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰎⰋⰗⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅ ≫ ⰀⰃⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ; "ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ≠ "ⰋⰏⰏⰋⰐⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰘⰜ-ⰕⰓⰋⰃⰃⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ-ⰓⰀⰉ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ (ⰎⰔⰀⰃ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (|θ̄|<10⁻¹⁰) ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰍⰗⰕ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰀ (ⰍⰅⰄ, ⰍⰜⰄ, ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ, ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ) — ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ, "ⰕⰀⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ ⰄⰑⰑⰏ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ (ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ, ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ, ⰘⰋⰅⰓⰀⰓⰜⰘⰉ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰅⰃⰋⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ.

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ

ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ–ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ (ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ)

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ–ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ — ⰂⰘⰉ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰏⰅⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰐⰉ, ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ-ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ: ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ ⰒⰅⰓ 1.6 ⰁⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐⰔ (η ≈ 6×10⁻¹⁰), ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰖⰕⰅⰓⰋⰖⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰃⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰋⰅⰂ. ⰔⰀⰍⰘⰀⰓⰑⰂ ⰔⰘⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ 1967 ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰔⰖⰜⰘ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ — ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ-ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, Ⱌ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰒⰀⰓⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ (ⰔⰒⰘⰀⰎⰅⰓⰑⰐⰔ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰗⰎⰖⰁⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ, ⰜⰓⰖⰜⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ, ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ (ⰍⰀⰑⰐⰔ, Ⰱ-ⰏⰅⰔⰑⰐⰔ, ⰕⰂⰑ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎⰔ) ⰉⰅⰕ ⰕⰅⰐ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰂⰅⰀⰍ. ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕⰔ. ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰖⰕ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ — ⰀⰎⰎ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ. ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰂⰋⰐ ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰗⰖⰅⰎ; ⰁⰉ ⰜⰒⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰏⰅⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰄⰋⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰘⰑⰂ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ-ⰕⰑ-ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ η = Ⱀ_Ⰱ/Ⱀ_γ ≈ 6.1×10⁻¹⁰ (ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ ⰒⰅⰓ ~1.6 ⰁⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐⰔ) ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰖⰕⰅⰓⰋⰖⰏ ⰀⰁⰖⰐⰄⰀⰐⰜⰅ Ⰴ/Ⱈ = 2.53×10⁻⁵, ~1%) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ (ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ, Ω_Ⰱ Ⱈ² = 0.0224) — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰅⰒⰑⰜⰘⰔ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ~400 000 ⰉⰅⰀⰓⰔ, Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ-ⰄⰑⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰑⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ (ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰐ–ⰄⰅ ⰓúⰉⰖⰎⰀ–ⰃⰎⰀⰔⰘⰑⰂ: ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰐⰋⰘⰋⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ γ-ⰓⰀⰉⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅ ⰄⰑⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ~1 ⰃⰒⰜ, ≈ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ). ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰕⰋⰐⰉ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ
• ✓ⰔⰀⰍⰘⰀⰓⰑⰂ’Ⱄ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (1967) — ⰕⰑ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰋⰜ ⰔⰕⰀⰓⰕ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰑⰗ: (1) ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ-ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, (2) Ⱌ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, (3) Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰒⰀⰓⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰓⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ (1) — ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰔⰒⰘⰀⰎⰅⰓⰑⰐⰔ, ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ Ⰱ+Ⰾ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰖⰒⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ (3): ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ 125 ⰃⰅⰂ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰏⰑⰑⰕⰘ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔⰑⰂⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰎⰉ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ-ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰖⰕ-ⰑⰗ-ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ
• ✓ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰐⰔⰖⰗⰗⰋⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ — ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰍⰀⰑⰐⰔ (ⰜⰘⰓⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰔⰑⰐ–ⰜⰓⰑⰐⰋⰐ–ⰗⰋⰕⰜⰘ–ⰕⰖⰓⰎⰀⰉ 1964, Ⰽ_Ⰾ→π⁺π⁻ ⰀⰕ ~2×10⁻³; ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1980), ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ Ⰱ ⰏⰅⰔⰑⰐⰔ (ⰁⰀⰁⰀⰓ & ⰁⰅⰎⰎⰅ ~2001) ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰍⰏ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰍⰑⰁⰀⰉⰀⰔⰘⰋ–ⰏⰀⰔⰍⰀⰂⰀ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2008). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ ⰎⰀⰜⰍⰔ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ" — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰋⰕ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰑⰖⰐⰕ, ⰔⰅⰕ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰉⰀⰓⰎⰔⰍⰑⰃ ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕ Ⰹ ≈ 3×10⁻⁵, ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ (ⰁⰉ ⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰐ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ) ⰕⰑ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ η. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰂⰘⰉ ⰉⰑⰖ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ — ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ-ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ → ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ, Ⰵ.Ⰳ. ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰔⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ), ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰜⰒ-ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ Ⰰ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰐ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰒⰘⰀⰎⰅⰓⰑⰐⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰔ — ⰕⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ-ⰁⰅⰕⰀ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ), ⰃⰖⰕ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰗⰗⰎⰅⰜⰍ–ⰄⰋⰐⰅ; ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰂⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ
• ✓ⰜⰒⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰗⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰒⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ: ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰔⰜⰑⰒⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ/ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰜⰘⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰕⰑ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ ⰁⰉ ⰁⰀⰔⰅ), ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰕ-ⰋⰐ ⰜⰒⰕ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰃⰐⰋⰈⰅⰄ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ", "ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ" (ⰜⰒⰕ ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ), "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ" (Ⰰ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ ⰏⰋⰔⰜⰘⰀⰓⰀⰜⰕⰅⰓⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — η ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰁⰐ–ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰖⰅⰎ" (ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰔ ⰂⰀⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰋⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅⰔ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰔ-02 ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ/ⰕⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ (ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 57 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 21 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ (η = (6.12±0.04)×10⁻¹⁰; ⰁⰁⰐ ⰄⰅⰖⰕⰅⰓⰋⰖⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅ; ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰑⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ~1 ⰃⰒⰜ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰍⰀⰑⰐⰔ 1964/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1980, Ⰱ-ⰏⰅⰔⰑⰐⰔ/ⰜⰍⰏ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2008). ⰍⰅⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰋⰕ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰋⰕ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰍⰏ ⰀⰏⰑⰖⰐⰕ (ⰉⰀⰓⰎⰔⰍⰑⰃ Ⰹ ≈ 3×10⁻⁵) ⰋⰔ ~10 ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔⰑⰂⰅⰓ, ⰔⰑ ⰔⰏ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏⰔ (ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ/ⰃⰖⰕ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰀⰗⰗⰎⰅⰜⰍ–ⰄⰋⰐⰅ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰜⰒⰕ (ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀ/ⰁⰀⰔⰅ) ⰃⰖⰀⰓⰀⰐⰕⰅⰅⰔ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ/ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ", "ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ" (ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰔ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰋⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅⰔ), "ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ" (ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰁⰐ–ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰔ-02 ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰘⰅⰎⰋⰖⰏ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ/ⰖⰐⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ.

ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ

5/5 ✓

ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰅⰔⰕ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰜⰓⰀⰜⰍ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ. ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰗⰎⰀⰂⰑⰓⰔ (ⰀⰕⰏⰑⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ 2015 ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ); ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ-ⰔⰍⰖⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰔ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ — ⰔⰑ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰕⰓⰖⰎⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ (ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ-ⰂⰑⰎⰕ, Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰁⰉ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰐⰅⰓⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰐⰅⰓⰔ, ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰜⰒ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰀⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ — ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰑⰐⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰀⰄ. ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ-ⰁⰅⰕⰀ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ, ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ. ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ; ⰀⰎⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ.

• ✓ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ — ⰀⰕⰏⰑⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰋⰜ νμ→ντ (ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓ-ⰍⰀⰏⰋⰑⰍⰀⰐⰄⰅ 1998, ~6σ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰗⰎⰀⰂⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ (ⰔⰐⰑ 2002, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ-ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰐⰅⰎ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ-ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ) → ⰕⰘⰅ 2015 ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ (ⰍⰀⰉⰋⰕⰀ & ⰏⰜⰄⰑⰐⰀⰎⰄ). ⰗⰎⰀⰂⰑⰓ ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰏⰐⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰘ): ⰕⰂⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ-ⰔⰍⰖⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ — ΔⰏ²₂₁ ≈ 7.49×10⁻⁵ ⰅⰂ² ⰀⰐⰄ |ΔⰏ²₃ₗ| ≈ 2.51×10⁻³ ⰅⰂ² — ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰔ (θ12≈34°, θ23≈43°, θ13≈8.6°, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰔⰕ ⰁⰉ ⰄⰀⰉⰀ ⰁⰀⰉ 2012, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰜⰒ ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ)
• ✓ⰘⰑⰂ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ — ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ-ⰔⰍⰖⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰀⰉ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ: ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ≥10⁶× ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ, ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰍⰀⰕⰓⰋⰐ (Ⰿ_β < 0.45 ⰅⰂ, ⰕⰓⰋⰕⰋⰖⰏ β-ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ, 2025) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ (ΣⰏ_ν ≲ 0.12 ⰅⰂ, ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ+ⰁⰀⰑ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ (ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰂⰔ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰕⰅⰄ) ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ (ⰏⰋⰎⰄ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ, Δχ²≈6). ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ — ⰍⰋⰐⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜ Ⰿ_β, ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ΣⰏ_ν, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰿ_ββ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ 0νββ — ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ-Ⰻ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ ⰀⰄⰄⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ, Ⰿ_ν ~ Ⰿ_Ⰴ²/Ⰿ_Ⱃ (ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰂ: Ⰿ_Ⰴ ~ 100 ⰃⰅⰂ, Ⰿ_Ⱃ ~ 10¹⁵ ⰃⰅⰂ → ~0.01 ⰅⰂ, Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ’ ⰜⰒ-ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉⰔ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰕⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰑⰓ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: "ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰏⰋⰎⰉ (ⰕⰉⰒⰅ-Ⰻ/ⰋⰋ/ⰋⰋⰋ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ Ⰿ_ν ≃ −Ⰿ_Ⰴ^Ⱅ·Ⰿ_Ⱃ⁻¹·Ⰿ_Ⰴ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰘ), ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ), ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰓⰀⰜ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰎⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ (Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰐⰉ ⰉⰖⰍⰀⰂⰀ, ⰐⰑ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ) ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰄⰋⰓⰀⰜ ⰑⰓ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ? — ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ? ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ-ⰁⰅⰕⰀ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰉ (0νββ), ⰋⰗ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ, ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰐ-ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ΔⰎ=2; ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰜⰘⰕⰅⰓ-ⰂⰀⰎⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰘⰀⰕⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ). ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ: ⰍⰀⰏⰎⰀⰐⰄ-ⰈⰅⰐ ⰔⰅⰕⰔ Ⱅ₁/₂(¹³⁶ⰘⰅ) > 3.8×10²⁶ ⰉⰓ → Ⰿ_ββ < 28–122 ⰏⰅⰂ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰒⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰀⰓ-ⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰘ-ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰍⰎⰀⰒⰄⰑⰓ-ⰍⰎⰅⰋⰐⰃⰓⰑⰕⰘⰀⰖⰔ 2001/2006 "ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ" ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ (ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰀⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰃⰅⰓⰄⰀ). ⰀⰐ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ-ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰜⰒ ⰒⰘⰀⰔⰅ δ_ⰜⰒ (Ⱅ2Ⰽ/ⰐⰑⰂⰀ ⰐⰑⰂ, ⰄⰖⰐⰅ & ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓ-ⰍⰀⰏⰋⰑⰍⰀⰐⰄⰅ ⰐⰅⰘⰕ — Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ-ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ (ⰎⰔⰐⰄ/ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰁⰑⰑⰐⰅ ⰂⰔ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ/ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰕⰔ — ⰋⰐ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ). ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2015): ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ-ⰗⰎⰀⰂⰑⰓ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ, ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ. ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰓⰅⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰅⰄ: ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀ’Ⱄ 2011 "ⰗⰀⰔⰕⰅⰓ-ⰕⰘⰀⰐ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ" (Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰑⰔⰅ ⰗⰋⰁⰅⰓ-ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰐⰕⰀⰜⰕ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ"/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰂⰑⰑ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 54 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 20 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2015) — ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ-ⰗⰎⰀⰂⰑⰓ ⰒⰏⰐⰔ ⰏⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ (ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓ-Ⰽ 1998, ⰔⰐⰑ 2002, ⰄⰀⰉⰀ ⰁⰀⰉ θ13 2012; ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ ΔⰏ²₂₁≈7.5×10⁻⁵, |ΔⰏ²₃ₗ|≈2.5×10⁻³ ⰅⰂ²). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ (ⰍⰀⰕⰓⰋⰐ Ⰿ_β<0.45 ⰅⰂ 2025; ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ΣⰏ_ν≲0.12 ⰅⰂ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ (ⰏⰋⰎⰄ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ θ23 ⰑⰜⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰅⰄ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ-ⰔⰍⰖⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅⰔ (Ⰿ_β, ΣⰏ_ν, Ⰿ_ββ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ). ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰔⰀⰂ (Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰏⰋⰎⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰿ_Ⰴ²/Ⰿ_Ⱃ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜ; ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓⰀⰐⰀ-ⰂⰔ-ⰄⰋⰓⰀⰜ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ (0νββ ⰖⰐⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ; ⰍⰀⰏⰎⰀⰐⰄ-ⰈⰅⰐ Ⱅ₁/₂>3.8×10²⁶ ⰉⰓ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰎⰀⰒⰄⰑⰓ-ⰍⰎⰅⰋⰐⰃⰓⰑⰕⰘⰀⰖⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ-ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ (ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ, ⰋⰐ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰓⰅⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰅⰄ: ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀ’Ⱄ 2011 ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰎⰖⰏⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ (Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰑⰔⰅ ⰜⰀⰁⰎⰅ; ⰔⰓ ⰋⰐⰕⰀⰜⰕ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰗⰅⰓⰕⰋⰎⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ.

ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ

5/5 ✓

ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ — ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰕⰅⰓ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰂⰘⰅⰎⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰀⰉⰔ: ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰔⰒⰋⰐ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰗⰀⰔⰕ ⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰅⰄⰃⰅⰔ, ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰕⰑⰃⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰕⰑⰑ ⰎⰋⰕⰕⰎⰅ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ ⰔⰘⰑⰂⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰔⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰔ) ⰋⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰐⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰎⰄ, ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕ ⰑⰖⰕⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰅ. ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ. ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ: ⰂⰋⰏⰒⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ, ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ, ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅⰔ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰄⰅⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰘⰍⰖⰋⰔⰋⰕⰅ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ-ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰐⰑⰂ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰗⰑⰃ. ⰏⰑⰐⰄ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰁⰅⰀⰖⰕⰋⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰋⰕⰔ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰂⰘⰅⰎⰏⰋⰐⰃ — ⰗⰎⰀⰕ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ (ⰓⰖⰁⰋⰐ–ⰗⰑⰓⰄ–ⰕⰘⰑⰐⰐⰀⰓⰄ 1980, ⰂⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰒⰎⰅⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰑⰗⰗ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ), ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ-ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ "ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ" (ⰈⰂⰋⰜⰍⰉ 1933, ⰜⰑⰏⰀ, ⰂⰘⰑ ⰜⰑⰋⰐⰅⰄ "ⰄⰖⰐⰍⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰅⰓⰋⰅ"), ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ (ⰜⰎⰑⰂⰅ 2006) ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰀⰕⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰑⰗⰗⰔⰅⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⱈ-ⰓⰀⰉ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰕ ~8σ ("ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ≠ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰔ", Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ) — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰗⰋⰘⰋⰐⰃ Ω_Ⱌ Ⱈ² = 0.120 ⰂⰔ Ω_Ⰱ Ⱈ² = 0.0224 (ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰑⰖⰕⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰔ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ~5:1). ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ~27%
• ✓ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ — ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰋⰜ (ⰁⰁⰐ + ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰒⰋⰐ Ω_Ⰱ ≪ Ω_Ⰿ), ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ, ⰜⰑⰎⰄ (ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐⰎⰅⰔⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰏⰋⰐⰀⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ, ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰘⰑⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰂⰀⰔⰘ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ-ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ ⰁⰀⰜⰍ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ: ⰂⰋⰏⰒⰔ (ⰃⰅⰂ–ⰕⰅⰂ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ-ⰓⰅⰎⰋⰜ "ⰂⰋⰏⰒ ⰏⰋⰓⰀⰜⰎⰅ"), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ (µⰅⰂ–ⰏⰅⰂ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ-ⰜⰒ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ), ⰍⰅⰂ ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ (ⰂⰀⰓⰏ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅⰔ (ⰕⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰑⰂⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰖⰎⰎ — ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ: ⰎⰖⰘ-ⰈⰅⰒⰎⰋⰐ (2024) ⰔⰅⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰒⰋⰐ-ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰏⰒ-ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰐ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ, 2.2×10⁻⁴⁸ ⰜⰏ² ⰀⰕ 40 ⰃⰅⰂ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ "ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰗⰑⰃ"; ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋ-ⰎⰀⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜ-ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰎⰋⰍⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ; ⰀⰏⰔ; ⰋⰜⰅⰜⰖⰁⰅ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰘⰜ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰔⰑ ⰐⰖⰎⰎ. ⰄⰅⰜⰀⰄⰅⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰋⰏⰒ ⰐⰖⰎⰎⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰗⰗⰑⰓⰕ ⰕⰑⰂⰀⰓⰄ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰀⰄⰏⰘ) — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅⰅⰐ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰒⰕ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ
• ✓ⰏⰑⰐⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ — ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰐⰅⰂⰕⰑⰐⰋⰀⰐ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ (ⰏⰋⰎⰃⰓⰑⰏ 1983) ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰅⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰕ ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ Ⰰ₀ ≈ 1.2×10⁻¹⁰ Ⰿ/Ⱄ² ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰕⰖⰎⰎⰉ–ⰗⰋⰔⰘⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰎ-ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅⰔ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰔ (ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ), ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ, ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰕⰅⰂⰅⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ (ⰃⰂ170817 ⰍⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕⰔ). ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅⰔ; ⰏⰑⰐⰄ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ — Ⰰ ⰎⰅⰃⰋⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰋⰐⰑⰓⰋⰕⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰅⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰂⰘⰅⰎⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ (ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ + ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰔ + ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ + ⰜⰏⰁ + ⰁⰁⰐ + ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅ ⰋⰕ), ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ (ⰑⰓ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ — ⰂⰋⰏⰒ, ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ, ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ-ν ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰁⰘ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ 3.5 ⰍⰅⰂ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜ-ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ: "ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰖⰄⰃⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ / ⰘⰀⰔ ⰁⰅⰅⰐ ⰄⰅⰁⰖⰐⰍⰅⰄ / ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ" (ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ-ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰐⰔⰖⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ"/ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰓⰑⰐⰃ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 74 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 25 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ (ⰑⰓ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ, ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ — ⰗⰎⰀⰕ ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ (ⰓⰖⰁⰋⰐ 1980), ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ (ⰈⰂⰋⰜⰍⰉ 1933), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ/ⰃⰀⰔ ⰑⰗⰗⰔⰅⰕ ⰀⰕ ~8σ (ⰜⰎⰑⰂⰅ 2006), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ (Ω_Ⱌ Ⱈ²=0.120 ⰂⰔ Ω_Ⰱ Ⱈ²=0.0224; ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ 2018) — ⰃⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ~5%/27%/68% ⰁⰖⰄⰃⰅⰕ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ — ⰂⰋⰏⰒⰔ (ⰎⰈ 2024 ⰐⰖⰎⰎ ⰀⰕ 2.2×10⁻⁴⁸ ⰜⰏ²), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ (ⰀⰄⰏⰘ), ⰍⰅⰂ ⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰎⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ 3.5 ⰍⰅⰂ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜ-ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ. ⰏⰑⰐⰄ (ⰏⰋⰎⰃⰓⰑⰏ 1983, Ⰰ₀≈1.2×10⁻¹⁰ Ⰿ/Ⱄ²) ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰅⰃⰋⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰗⰀⰂⰑⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ — ⰋⰕ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ (ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰕⰖⰎⰎⰉ–ⰗⰋⰔⰘⰅⰓ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰔ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (ⰕⰅⰂⰅⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰃⰂ170817). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰖⰄⰃⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ / ⰄⰅⰁⰖⰐⰍⰅⰄ / ⰐⰑⰐⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ" (ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰐⰔⰖⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰎⰀⰂ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ.

ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ

5/5 ✓

ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ — ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰑⰒ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ. ⰕⰂⰑ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰐⰑⰂⰀ ⰕⰅⰀⰏⰔ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰒ ⰓⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ — ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰐⰑⰂⰀⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰓ ⰋⰐ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰉ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ — ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰖⰒ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ 68% ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰔ. ⰋⰕⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰃⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰋⰕⰔ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰔⰋⰕⰔ ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰀⰕ Ⰲ = −1, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ, ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰄⰅⰔⰋ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰘⰋⰐⰕⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰔⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ, ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰏⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰂⰋⰎⰎ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰅⰕ ⰖⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰗⰀⰔⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰄⰔ ⰕⰑⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰃⰘⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰀⰓⰁⰉ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰔⰀⰉⰔ 73, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰔⰀⰉⰔ 67, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ-ⰔⰋⰃⰏⰀ ⰃⰀⰒ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ — ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰖⰄⰅⰔⰕ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ. ⰋⰗ ⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰎⰑⰂ ⰜⰑⰎⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰈⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐ; ⰀⰎⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰎⰔⰅ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ. ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ — 5% ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ, 27% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, 68% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ — ⰋⰔ ⰎⰀⰋⰄ ⰑⰖⰕ, ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰎⰎ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰂⰑ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰋⰀ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰐⰑⰂⰀ ⰕⰅⰀⰏⰔ (ⰓⰋⰅⰔⰔ/ⰘⰋⰃⰘ-Ⰸ 1998, ⰒⰅⰓⰎⰏⰖⰕⰕⰅⰓ/ⰔⰜⰒ 1999, 42 ⰔⰐⰅ) ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰐⰑⰂⰀⰅ ~10–15% ⰗⰀⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ/ⰗⰀⰓⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2011: ⰒⰅⰓⰎⰏⰖⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰔⰜⰘⰏⰋⰄⰕ, ⰓⰋⰅⰔⰔ). ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰋⰀ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄⰋⰈⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰎⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰎⰋⰒⰔ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ 0.8→0.36 ⰏⰀⰃ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ (ⰗⰎⰀⰕ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ, Ω_Λ ≈ 0.685) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ~150 ⰏⰒⰜ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ-ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰓ, ⰔⰄⰔⰔ 2005). ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ → ~68% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ — ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ Ⰲ = Ⱂ/ρ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅⰔ Ⰲ < −1/3 (ⰐⰅⰃⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ); Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ Λ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ Ⰲ = −1 (ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Λ (Ⰲ₀ = −1.03 ± 0.03 ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ; −0.997 ± 0.025 ⰄⰅⰔⰋ 2024). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰄⰅⰂⰅⰎⰑⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕ: ⰄⰅⰔⰋ (ⰄⰓ1 2024 → ⰄⰓ2 2025) ⰘⰋⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (Ⰲ₀Ⰲₐ ⰒⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰀⰕ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ~4σ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ) — ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰋⰃⰖⰋⰐⰃ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ; "ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ" ⰀⰐⰄ "Λ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰁⰀⰐⰄⰑⰐⰅⰄ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ
• ✓ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ Λ / ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰅⰔⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰜⰑⰓⰄⰀⰐⰜⰅ, Ⰲ = −1), ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰕⰅⰔⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ (Ⰰ ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰎⰉ-ⰓⰑⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ, Ⰲ(Ⰸ) ≠ −1, ⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰉ Ⰲ > −1), ⰑⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅⰔ (Ⱇ(Ⱃ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰋⰐ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰘⰑⰏⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰋⰕⰉ/ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰓⰅⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ "ⰐⰑ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰋⰄⰅⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰋⰔⰗⰀⰂⰑⰓⰅⰄ. Λ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰅ ⰗⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ-Λ ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ. (ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰐⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ 10¹²⁰ ⰗⰋⰐⰅ-ⰕⰖⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ — ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰓⰋⰔⰋⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ (ⰔⰘ0ⰅⰔ, ⰜⰅⰒⰘⰅⰋⰄ-ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰋⰀ ⰔⰐⰅ, Ⱈ₀ ≈ 73.0 ± 1.0) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰋⰐⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰋⰐⰃ ΛⰜⰄⰏ (ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ, Ⱈ₀ ≈ 67.4 ± 0.5) ⰄⰋⰔⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅ ⰀⰕ ~5σ (ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔⰋⰃⰏⰀ ≈ 5.0σ); ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰒⰘⰅⰋⰄ ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ), ⰕⰓⰃⰁ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰔⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰏⰅⰄⰋⰀⰕⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ (ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ, ⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ — Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ, ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰓⰄⰀⰐⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰕⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ + ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰋⰗ Ⰲ = −1 (Λ): ⰅⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ → Ⰰ ⰄⰅ ⰔⰋⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰗⰖⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰁⰋⰃ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰈⰅ"/ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰄⰅⰀⰕⰘ, ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰒ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰋⰅⰂ; ⰋⰗ Ⰲ < −1 (ⰒⰘⰀⰐⰕⰑⰏ): Ⰰ "ⰁⰋⰃ ⰓⰋⰒ"; ⰋⰗ Ⰲ > −1 ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ: ⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰖⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2011): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ (Λ ⰂⰔ ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰕⰅⰔⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰂⰔ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ Ⰲ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰅⰔ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: "ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰂⰅ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰘⰀⰓⰐⰅⰔⰔ / Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ", "ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ/ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ "ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ" ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ + ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ = Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 55 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 30 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰋⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰉⰅⰕ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰓⰋⰅⰔⰔ 1998, ⰒⰅⰓⰎⰏⰖⰕⰕⰅⰓ 1999, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2011), ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰔⰐⰅ ⰋⰀ + ⰜⰏⰁ (Ω_Λ≈0.685) + ⰁⰀⰑ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ (Ⰲ₀=−1.03±0.03). ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (Λ ⰂⰔ ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰕⰅⰔⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰂⰔ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰂⰔ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰓⰅⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ Ⰲ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰔⰋ 2024/2025 Ⰲ₀Ⰲₐ ⰘⰋⰐⰕ ⰀⰕ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ~4σ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰋⰃⰖⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰉ — "ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ" ⰀⰐⰄ "Λ ⰀⰁⰀⰐⰄⰑⰐⰅⰄ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ (ⰔⰘ0ⰅⰔ ~73 ⰂⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ~67, ~5σ; ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰒⰘⰅⰋⰄ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ; ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰂⰔ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰘⰀⰓⰐⰅⰔⰔ-ⰀⰁⰎⰅ "ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ/ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ", ⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰑⰓ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ (5%/27%/68%) ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰔⰎⰋⰜⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ. ⰅⰄⰖⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ.

ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰋⰔ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰜⰓⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ?

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰜⰓⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ? ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰐ ⰕⰑⰃⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ: ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰂⰀⰕⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ-ⰃⰓⰑⰂⰕⰘ (Ⱄ8) ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰏⰋⰎⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰅⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰔ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ; ⰉⰂⰔⰕ’Ⱄ "ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ" ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰔⰜⰑⰒⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰏⰑⰖⰔ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰔⰋⰃⰏⰀ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰔⰒⰋⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰎⰉ Ⰰ-ⰒⰑⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰑⰓⰋ. ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰑ ⰀⰂⰀⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ-ⰔⰋⰃⰏⰀ ⰃⰀⰒ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰀⰓⰁⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰅ — ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰑⰁⰖⰔⰕ, ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰄⰅⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ. ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰘ-ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰓⰋⰖⰏⰒⰘ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ, ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰕ ⰑⰐⰜⰅ. ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰔⰕⰋⰃⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰂⰋⰎⰄⰎⰉ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰕⰘⰉ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰎⰑⰑⰍⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰀⰐⰍⰔ. ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰓⰜ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰔ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ Ⱄ8 (ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ-ⰃⰓⰑⰂⰕⰘ) ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰋⰎⰄⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ — ⰂⰅⰀⰍ-ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰅⰉⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰏⰒⰎⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ Ⱄ8 = σ8·√(ΩⰏ/0.3) ⰔⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ (ⰍⰋⰄⰔ-1000 0.759, ~3σ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰘⰅⰓ-ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅⰔ ⰀⰃⰓⰅⰅ ⰁⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ (ⰄⰅⰔ Ⰹ3 3×2ⰒⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ; ⰄⰅⰔ+ⰍⰋⰄⰔ ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰕ 1.7σ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰋⰄⰔ-ⰎⰅⰃⰀⰜⰉ 2025 ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕⰅⰄ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ 0.815 (ⰉⰖⰔⰕ 0.73σ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰐ ⰏⰑⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ). ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰘⰅⰕⰅⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ (ⰄⰅⰔ Ⰹ6 ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ~2.7σ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔⰅⰄ 5σ — ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰅⰉ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ (ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰅⰅⰄⰁⰀⰜⰍ) ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ
• ✓ⰉⰂⰔⰕ’Ⱄ "ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ" ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ 2022–23 ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰖⰓⰒⰓⰋⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰉ ⰁⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ/ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰕ Ⰸ~10–16, ⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰘⰅⰀⰄⰎⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ ΛⰜⰄⰏ, ⰄⰋⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰜⰓⰖⰕⰋⰐⰉ: ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰔⰜⰑⰒⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕⰔ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰎⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ, ⰀⰃⰐ "ⰎⰋⰕⰕⰎⰅ ⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰑⰕⰔ" ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰓⰔⰕⰉ/ⰅⰗⰗⰋⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰋⰜ-ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰒⰋⰕⰗⰀⰎⰎⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰕ — ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰐⰋⰐⰃ. Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰜⰀⰔⰅ ⰔⰕⰖⰄⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰘⰅⰀⰄⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰂⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰎⰍ-ⰁⰀⰜⰍ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰜⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰂ ⰍⰖⰀⰄⰓⰖⰒⰑⰎⰅ / ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰄⰓⰖⰒⰑⰎⰅ-ⰑⰜⰕⰖⰒⰑⰎⰅ "ⰀⰘⰋⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰋⰎ" ⰀⰎⰋⰃⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰎⰄ ⰔⰒⰑⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰅⰀⰓ ⰋⰐ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰂⰏⰀⰒ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ~2–3σ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰖⰎⰐⰅⰓⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ-ⰒⰑⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰑⰓⰋ / ⰎⰑⰑⰍ-ⰅⰎⰔⰅⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ; ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ ⰕⰑ "ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰒⰎⰉ" ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰜⰓⰀⰜⰍ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰄⰋⰔⰏⰋⰔⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ (~73) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ+ⰁⰀⰑ "ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ" (~67) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰓⰑⰁⰖⰔⰕ, ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅⰎⰉ ⰂⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰒⰘⰅⰋⰄ ⰜⰀⰎⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰀⰃⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰗⰀⰋⰎ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰁⰀⰑ/ⰔⰐⰅ — ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰅⰂ-ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ (Ⰵ.Ⰳ. ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ Ⱃ_Ⱄ), ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ. ⰀⰕ ~5.0σ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ; ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰖⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰋⰔ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰜⰓⰀⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ? — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ: ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰋⰎⰉ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ ⰔⰋⰘ-ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰅⰀⰍⰔ, ⰁⰀⰑ, ⰁⰁⰐ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ, ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰕⰀⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔⰎⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰂⰀⰓⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰐⰃⰕⰘ (ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ~5σ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ; Ⱄ8 ~2–3σ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰔⰋ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ-ⰄⰅ ⰘⰋⰐⰕ ~2–4σ ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰋⰃⰖⰋⰐⰃ; ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ; ⰜⰏⰁ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰜⰅ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰏⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰑⰓ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰉⰅⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰄⰑⰂⰐ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ: "ΛⰜⰄⰏ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰀⰄ / ⰄⰅⰁⰖⰐⰍⰅⰄ / ⰂⰓⰑⰐⰃ", "ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰜⰓⰋⰔⰋⰔ, ⰔⰕⰀⰓⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ", ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰋⰓⰅⰄ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰀⰐⰍ/ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰖⰄ". ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰔⰕⰋⰃⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 63 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 25 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰖⰃⰅⰎⰉ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ 6-ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰕⰀⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ ⰗⰋⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰒⰅⰀⰍⰔ + ⰁⰀⰑ + ⰁⰁⰐ + ⰎⰔⰔ + ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰓⰀⰐⰍⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ (~5σ, ⰔⰘ0ⰅⰔ ~73 ⰂⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ~67) ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ (ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰒⰘⰅⰋⰄ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ; ⰎⰀⰕⰅ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰄⰅ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰗⰀⰋⰎ; ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕ-ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰅⰓ) — ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰖⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ Ⱄ8 ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ (~2–3σ) ⰋⰔ ⰏⰋⰎⰄⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ (ⰍⰋⰄⰔ-ⰎⰅⰃⰀⰜⰉ 2025 → 0.73σ; ⰘⰅⰕⰅⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ; ⰎⰋⰍⰅⰎⰉ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰔⰋ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ-ⰄⰅ ⰘⰋⰐⰕ (~2–4σ) ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰋⰃⰖⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ; ⰉⰂⰔⰕ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰘⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰓⰋⰔⰋⰔ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ-ⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ-ⰒⰑⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰑⰓⰋ (ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ ⰕⰑ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰉ). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ "ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ Ⱈ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰄⰑⰂⰐ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ/ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰀⰄ/ⰂⰓⰑⰐⰃ", ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰋⰓⰅⰄ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ "ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰖⰄ" ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰔⰕⰋⰃⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰗⰖⰎ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ-ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰓⰜ; ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰔⰎⰋⰜⰅ (ⰁⰀⰓⰉⰑⰐⰔ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐⰔ.

ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ & ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰁⰔⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ. ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰅⰀⰔⰅ ⰀⰕ ⰎⰅⰀⰔⰕ ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰑⰗ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ (ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ, ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ 2012), ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰏⰀⰘⰂⰅⰎⰎ’Ⱄ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰗⰑⰓⰃⰅⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰕⰖⰓⰐⰔ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰍⰁ·ⰎⰐ2. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰘⰋⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ — Ⰰ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅⰔ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰑⰐ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ, Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ 10⁷⁷ ⰁⰋⰕⰔ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰔⰖⰃⰃⰅⰔⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰓⰅⰃⰋⰑⰐ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ). ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰂⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ Ⰰ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ ⰁⰀⰜⰍ ⰑⰖⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰑⰘ — ⰐⰑⰂ ⰎⰑⰑⰍⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰉⰅⰔ, ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ, ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰅⰄ. ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰔⰖⰃⰃⰅⰔⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ; ⰁⰖⰕ "ⰋⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰁⰋⰕ" ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ.

• ✓ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ) — ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰀⰕ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ Ⱅ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰋⰒⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰎⰅⰀⰔⰕ ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰑⰗ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ (ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ 1961; ≈ 2.9×10⁻²¹ Ⰹ ≈ 0.018 ⰅⰂ ⰀⰕ ⰓⰑⰑⰏ ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ), ⰔⰑ ⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ (ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰐⰅⰔ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ — "ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰔⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ). ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎⰎⰉ — Ⰰ 1-ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰑⰋⰄⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ ⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰁéⰓⰖⰕ, ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ 2012), ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰒⰕⰅⰄ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰖⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰓⰕⰑⰐ)
• ✓ⰏⰀⰘⰂⰅⰎⰎ'Ⱄ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰑⰓⰜⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰗⰑⰓⰃⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰅ ⰄⰑⰐⰅ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰉ, ⰔⰑ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰔ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ-ⰎⰀⰂ ⰄⰅⰁⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰀⰋⰄ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰅ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰅ, ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰋⰒⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ≥ ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰒⰅⰓ ⰁⰋⰕ, ≥ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰋⰕ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰅⰄ (ⰔⰈⰋⰎⰀⰓⰄ’Ⱄ ⰑⰐⰅ-ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ 1929, Ⰲ = ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2/ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰅ; ⰁⰅⰐⰐⰅⰕⰕ 1982; ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ, ⰍⰑⰔⰍⰋ 2014). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰃⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ
• ✓ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰋⰔ (ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ) ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰁⰑⰎⰕⰈⰏⰀⰐⰐ’Ⱄ Ⱄ = Ⰽ·ⰎⰐⰂ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ’Ⱄ Ⱈ = −Σ Ⱂ·ⰎⰑⰃ Ⱂ (1948) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ (ⰉⰀⰉⰐⰅⰔ’ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰜⰔ, 1957), ⰀⰐⰄ 1 ⰁⰋⰕ = ⰍⰁ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰑⰗ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰎⰋⰐⰍ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ "ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ" ⰂⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰅⰒ, ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰖⰔⰔⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰍⰅⰐⰔⰕⰅⰋⰐ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ — Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰃⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰖⰔ Ⱃ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ Ⰵ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ Ⰻ ≤ 2πⰓⰅ/(ℏⰜ·ⰎⰐ2) ⰁⰋⰕⰔ (ⰁⰅⰍⰅⰐⰔⰕⰅⰋⰐⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰁⰋⰕⰔ — Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰅ ⰏⰀⰘⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ; ⰐⰑ ⰐⰅⰂⰕⰑⰐ’Ⱄ Ⰳ, ⰔⰑ ⰋⰕ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰔ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰔ ⰕⰑⰑ), ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰑⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰕⰑ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ (Ⱄ = Ⰰ/4ℓ_Ⱂ²; ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍⰘⰑⰎⰅⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉⰁⰋⰕⰔ: Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰎⰀⰓ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ~1.5×10⁷⁷ ⰁⰋⰕⰔ), ⰔⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰔⰋⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ (’Ⱅ ⰘⰑⰑⰗⰕ 1993, ⰔⰖⰔⰔⰍⰋⰐⰄ 1995): Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ’Ⱄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ-ⰎⰀⰂ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰀⰄⰔ/ⰜⰗⰕ (ⰏⰀⰎⰄⰀⰜⰅⰐⰀ 1997) ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰖⰎⰎ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰑⰖⰓ (ⰄⰅ ⰔⰋⰕⰕⰅⰓ) ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰑⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰋⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰁⰋⰕ" — ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ (1976) ⰔⰘⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰘⰀⰂⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰅⰏⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰖⰓⰐ ⰒⰖⰓⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰏⰋⰘⰅⰄ, ⰄⰅⰔⰕⰓⰑⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ (Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰒ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ-ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ-ⰂⰔ-ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰘ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰃⰅ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ 2019–2020 ⰋⰔⰎⰀⰐⰄⰔ/ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀ-ⰂⰑⰓⰏⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰘⰑⰂ ⰅⰂⰀⰒⰑⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰀⰓⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰋⰔⰕⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰁⰅⰎⰋⰅⰂⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰀⰋⰎⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ". ⰂⰘⰅⰅⰎⰅⰓ’Ⱄ "ⰋⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰁⰋⰕ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕⰔ, ⰐⰑ-ⰜⰎⰑⰐⰋⰐⰃ/ⰐⰑ-ⰄⰅⰎⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ; ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ/ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ: ⰄⰋⰃⰋⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ("ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰀⰖⰕⰑⰏⰀⰕⰑⰐ/ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ", ⰗⰓⰅⰄⰍⰋⰐ/ⰂⰑⰎⰗⰓⰀⰏ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰁⰑⰔⰕⰓⰑⰏ — Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ; ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: "ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰂⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ"/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰑ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 53 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 22 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ — ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰍⰕ·ⰎⰐ2, ≈2.9×10⁻²¹ Ⰹ/ⰁⰋⰕ, ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁéⰓⰖⰕ 2012 + ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ), ⰏⰀⰘⰂⰅⰎⰎ’Ⱄ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ (ⰔⰈⰋⰎⰀⰓⰄ/ⰁⰅⰐⰐⰅⰕⰕ/ⰍⰑⰔⰍⰋ), ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰑⰎⰕⰈⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ (1 ⰁⰋⰕ = ⰍⰁ·ⰎⰐ2), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰍⰅⰐⰔⰕⰅⰋⰐ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ-ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰀⰓⰅⰀ-ⰎⰀⰂ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ (Ⱄ = Ⰰ/4ℓ_Ⱂ²) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ. ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰄ/ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ (ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ): ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ (ⰐⰑⰓⰕⰑⰐ), ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ "ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰓⰖⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰁⰎⰅ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰑⰖⰓ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ (ⰀⰄⰔ/ⰜⰗⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰀⰐⰕⰋ-ⰄⰅ ⰔⰋⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰀⰋⰎⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰅⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰋⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰁⰋⰕ"/ⰄⰋⰃⰋⰕⰀⰎ-ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ/ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰐⰑⰓ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰂⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ-ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ-ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰓ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ; "ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎⰎⰉ/ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ" ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰒⰋⰂⰑⰕ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ, ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ) — ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ, ⰀⰔ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ.

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕⰔ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰄⰑⰐⰅ. ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰋⰐⰐⰅⰄ ⰄⰑⰂⰐ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ "ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰔⰀⰉⰔ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ — Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰐⰑ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰓⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ (λ-ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰖⰔ, ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ) ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ. ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰕⰓⰋⰜⰍ, ⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰜⰎⰋⰗⰗ ⰅⰄⰃⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰅⰄ, ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ (ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓ Ⰰ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰕⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰅ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ. ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, Ⱂ ⰂⰔ ⰐⰒ ⰀⰔⰍⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰅ — ⰁⰅⰎⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ, ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰓⰉⰒⰕⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ ⰎⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰑⰐ. ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰀⰔⰕⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓⰗⰖⰎ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰏⰑⰖⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ — ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰎ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰐⰄ ⰁⰅⰀⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ, Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ — ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ. Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ, ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰋⰐⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ, ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ.

• ✓ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ 1936 Ⰰ-ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ (ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ-ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ "ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ (ⰑⰐⰅ ⰔⰋⰄⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰖⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ "ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄ", ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ), ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰔ, ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ’Ⱄ λ-ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰖⰔ (1936), ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ-ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰓⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰑⰔⰕ/ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰑⰂ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ. ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ’Ⱄ ⰐⰅⰃⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰘⰋⰎⰁⰅⰓⰕ’Ⱄ ⰅⰐⰕⰔⰜⰘⰅⰋⰄⰖⰐⰃⰔⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰅⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ ⰁⰉ ~7 ⰏⰑⰐⰕⰘⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ 1936: ⰐⰑ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰅ ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰔ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰐ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ, ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ / ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰜⰀⰐⰕⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰑⰂ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰓⰑⰂ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰔⰕ — ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰅⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅⰔ = ⰕⰓⰖⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰏⰑⰂⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ ⰐⰑ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ-ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰅⰓ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰉ). ⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ: ⰓⰋⰜⰅ’Ⱄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ (ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰕⰓⰋⰂⰋⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰏⰀⰐⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰅⰓⰕⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰎⰅ), ⰘⰋⰎⰁⰅⰓⰕ’Ⱄ 10ⰕⰘ / ⰄⰋⰑⰒⰘⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰏⰓⰄⰒ, ⰏⰀⰕⰋⰉⰀⰔⰅⰂⰋⰜⰘ 1970), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰒ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: "ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰎⰅ" = ⰐⰑ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ; ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰁⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰃÖⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ (1931) — ⰀⰐⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ, ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ-ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰏⰀⰕⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰓⰖⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ (ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰉ (ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰎⰅⰏⰏⰀ ⰀⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰓⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰕⰅⰜⰘⰐⰋⰍⰖⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰎⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰑⰖⰕⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ). ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰅⰀⰐ "ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰓⰑⰍⰅⰐ/ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ", ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ "ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰒⰀⰔⰔ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰔ" (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰖⰜⰀⰔ-ⰒⰅⰐⰓⰑⰔⰅ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰜⰅⰐⰔⰅ "ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰔⰏ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⱂ ⰂⰔ ⰐⰒ — Ⱂ (ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰑⰎⰉⰐⰑⰏⰋⰀⰎ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ) ⰂⰔ ⰐⰒ (Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰑⰎⰉⰐⰑⰏⰋⰀⰎ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ); ⰐⰒ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰑⰍ-ⰎⰅⰂⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ (1971: ⰔⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰒ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰋⰗ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰐⰒ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐ Ⱂ ⰕⰘⰅⰐ Ⱂ = ⰐⰒ). Ⱂ ⰂⰔ ⰐⰒ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰜⰎⰀⰉ ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰐⰐⰋⰖⰏ ⰒⰓⰋⰈⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ($1Ⰿ, 2000), ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰎⰉ ⰁⰅⰎⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰅ Ⱂ ≠ ⰐⰒ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰀⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰑⰄⰀⰉ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰜⰘ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰜⰓⰉⰒⰕⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ ⰓⰅⰔⰕⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ-ⰂⰀⰉ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ (Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰖⰔⰋⰐ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ) ⰋⰔ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰐⰅ (ⰄⰅⰖⰕⰔⰜⰘ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰜⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ-ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ, ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ, "Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ"); Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ — ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (Ⰰ ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰄⰖⰒ, Ⰵ.Ⰳ. ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰑⰂⰅⰓ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰃⰑⰄ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰎ / ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰂⰋⰎⰎ / ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ" (ⰎⰖⰜⰀⰔ-ⰒⰅⰐⰓⰑⰔⰅ, ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ), "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ" (ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ, ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰅⰎⰔⰅⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ), "Ⱂ=ⰐⰒ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ", ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ" / ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ-ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰒⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 62 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 18 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ — ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰏ = λ-ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰖⰔ = ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ = ⰒⰑⰔⰕ/ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰑⰂ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ’Ⱄ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏⰔ (ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰜⰀⰐⰕⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰃⰑⰐⰀⰎ); ⰓⰋⰜⰅ’Ⱄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ; ⰏⰓⰄⰒ (ⰘⰋⰎⰁⰅⰓⰕ’Ⱄ 10ⰕⰘ); ⰐⰒ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ (ⰜⰑⰑⰍ-ⰎⰅⰂⰋⰐ, ⰔⰀⰕ). ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ/ⰑⰒⰅⰐ: Ⱂ ⰂⰔ ⰐⰒ (ⰜⰎⰀⰉ ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰐⰐⰋⰖⰏ, ⰁⰅⰎⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ Ⱂ≠ⰐⰒ). ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ-ⰕⰖⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰄⰅⰖⰕⰔⰜⰘ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰐⰑ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ). ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ): ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ; ⰎⰖⰜⰀⰔ-ⰒⰅⰐⰓⰑⰔⰅ "ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰒⰀⰔⰔ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ; ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰄⰖⰒⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ); "ⰃöⰄⰅⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰃⰑⰄ/ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰎ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰉⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ" (ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ), "Ⱂ=ⰐⰒ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ-ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰜⰋⰄⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏⰔ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰎⰅⰀⰒⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ, ⰃⰑⰄⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ.

ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄ & ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ. ⰏⰀⰐⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰀⰃⰋⰜ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰑⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰔⰂ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰐⰕⰘ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰁⰀⰓ, ⰒⰒⰑ₂ 1.4 ⰀⰐⰄ 1.6 ⰀⰓⰅ 7/5 ⰀⰐⰄ 8/5, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ Ⱀ/100, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ 1/3, 1/2, 30/85), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰐⰅⰔ ⰗⰀⰎⰎ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ "ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅⰔ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰁⰀⰓ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰉⰖⰔⰕ Ⱂ = ρⰃⰘ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ’Ⱄ Ⰰ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰱ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ. ⰗⰋⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰄⰅⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰏⰔⰅⰎⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ. ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰘⰕⰅⰅⰐ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ: ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰔ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ 2 ⰕⰑ ⰀⰁⰑⰖⰕ 1.28, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰑⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰒⰀⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰔⰂ ⰋⰔ 1/10 ⰁⰀⰓ ⰁⰉ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰒⰑ₂ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ 7/5 (1.4) ⰀⰐⰄ 8/5 (1.6), ⰐⰋⰕⰓⰑⰘ/ⰀⰋⰓ Ⱁ₂ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ Ⱀ/100 (ⰀⰋⰓ 21/100, ⰅⰀⰐ32 8/25), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰀⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (1/3, 1/2, 30/85); ⰅⰘⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰓⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰓⰅⰏⰑⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰃⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ/ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ "ⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅⰔ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰁⰀⰓ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰏⰀⰃⰋⰜ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ Ⱂ = ρ·Ⰳ·Ⱈ (ⰁⰀⰓⰒⰅⰓⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ = ρⰃ/1Ⰵ5), ⰔⰑ 9.949 ⰀⰐⰄ 10.197 ⰗⰀⰎⰎ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ (1025, 1000); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ Ⰰ, Ⰱ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ (Ⰰ = 2/∛Ⱅ½, Ⰱ = 1.005 − 1/√Ⱅ½) ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰘⰋⰄⰄⰅⰐ, ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰅⰎⰅⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ
• ✓ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰔⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ — [4, 8, 12.5, … 635] ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰁüⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐ’Ⱄ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰋⰕ); ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰜⰖⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕⰔ (2.000 ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰂⰔ ≈1.275 ⰎⰀⰕⰅ, ⰕⰂⰑ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅⰀⰖⰔ), ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ. ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ "ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ" ⰑⰐⰕⰑ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰕⰓⰀⰒ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ ⰅⰎⰔⰅⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ (ⰂⰘⰉ-60, ⰒⰉⰓⰀⰏⰋⰄ-π); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ
• ✓ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰗⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ (→ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰑⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ (→ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰔⰘⰓⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ; ⰋⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰒⰔ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ "ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ" ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰉ — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰕⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰑ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰂⰅⰓⰄⰋⰜⰕ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰔⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ: ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰓⰖⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰕⰓⰖⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ’Ⱄ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ. ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ (ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰔⰘⰓⰋⰐⰍⰔ): ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ → ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰔ (ⰏⰔⰂ = 1/10 ⰁⰀⰓ; ⰒⰒⰑ₂ = 7/5, 8/5; ⰃⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ Ⱀ/100; ⰃⰗ/ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰔ 1/3, 1/2, 30/85), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰔ → ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀ (ⰁⰀⰓⰒⰅⰓⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ = ρⰃ/1Ⰵ5 ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰕ/ⰗⰓⰅⰔⰘ Ⰿ-ⰒⰅⰓ-ⰁⰀⰓ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰔ ≈9.949 ⰀⰐⰄ ≈10.197; ⰁⰖⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐⰀ = 2/∛Ⱅ½ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰘⰎⰏⰀⰐⰐⰁ = 1.005 − 1/√Ⱅ½ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰖⰎⰀⰔ). ⰐⰑ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ (ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰔ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ): ⰕⰘⰅ 16 ⰈⰘⰎ-16 ⰘⰀⰎⰗ-ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰜⰖⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕⰔ (≈2.0 ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ, ≈1.275 ⰎⰀⰕⰅ), ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰀⰀ ⰜⰐⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅⰂⰋⰔⰅ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ. ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ "ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ" ⰗⰑⰓ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰒ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰂⰘⰉ-60 ⰔⰅⰘⰀⰃⰅⰔⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰉⰓⰀⰏⰋⰄ-π. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ: ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ), ⰍⰅⰅⰒ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰔ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ.

ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰅⰀⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰅⰀⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰔⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰍ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ: 0.1 + 0.2 ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ 0.3 ⰋⰐ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ 3/10 ⰋⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰔ. ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰗⰑⰓⰏ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰔ; ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰘⰉ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰘⰀⰔⰘ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰘⰉ Ⰰ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰁⰅ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ Ⰰ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰒⰀⰓⰕ: ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ — ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰃⰀⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰐⰑⰋⰔⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ. ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰓⰅⰏⰑⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰁⰖⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰓⰖⰔⰕⰂⰑⰓⰕⰘⰉ; ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰔⰀⰗⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ.

• ✓ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰑⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ: 0.1 + 0.2 ≠ 0.3 ⰋⰐ ⰋⰅⰅⰅ-754 (ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ 0.30000000000000004), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰓⰀⰕ(1/10) + ⰓⰀⰕ(2/10) ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰎⰔ ⰓⰀⰕ(3/10). ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰗⰑⰓⰏ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ ⰔⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ; ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ ⰉⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰅⰎⰋⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰐⰕⰋⰓⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰋⰎⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰃ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ — ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰏⰋⰐⰀⰐⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ, ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰀⰉ-ⰕⰑ-ⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ), ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰄⰂⰀⰓⰗⰔ ⰋⰅⰅⰅ-754 ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ-ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰔⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰀⰓ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰐⰑⰋⰔⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ-ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ. ⰔⰑ "ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰓⰖⰅ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ — ⰄⰑⰐ’Ⱅ ⰎⰅⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰔ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰄⰜⰔ
• ✓ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ — ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ (Ⰰ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰘⰀⰔⰘ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰑⰐ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ; Ⰰ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔ), ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰁⰋⰕ-ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕⰔ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ (Ⰰ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰁⰅ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰅⰓ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ 30/85, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃ/ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰃⰋⰕⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰉⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ’Ⱄ "ⰐⰑ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ" ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰓⰅⰀⰔⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰔⰑⰐ ⰗⰋⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰂⰋⰑⰐⰋⰜⰔ ⰖⰔⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ/ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰄ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰏⰑⰂⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰖⰃ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰖⰀⰓⰀⰐⰕⰅⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ, Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰗⰅⰐⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰘⰑⰋⰜⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰋⰕⰖⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ, ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰍⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓⰔ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰃⰀⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ). ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰓⰖⰔⰕⰂⰑⰓⰕⰘⰉ; ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰀⰍⰅ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰔⰀⰗⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ (0.1 + 0.2 ≠ 0.3 ⰋⰐ ⰋⰅⰅⰅ-754, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰔ — ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ-ⰗⰑⰎⰄ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ/ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰃⰐⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰅⰓⰕⰉ (ⰀⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰗⰋⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰂⰋⰑⰐⰋⰜⰔ): ⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰏⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰗⰑⰓⰏ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ, ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰔ ⰘⰀⰔⰘ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ ⰖⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ (ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ-ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎ) ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃⰔ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰐⰑ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰏⰋⰐⰀⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰄⰂⰀⰓⰗⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕ-ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰗⰅ, ⰔⰑ "ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰏⰀⰎⰔ ⰜⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰍⰋⰎⰎ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰗⰕⰂⰀⰓⰅ-ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ (ⰄⰑⰐ’Ⱅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰗⰎⰑⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰄⰜⰔ ⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰋⰕ. ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰓⰖⰔⰕⰂⰑⰓⰕⰘⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ; ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰑⰓ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰋⰕⰖⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰔⰏ, ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕ.

ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓⰔ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓⰔ, ⰂⰋⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅ’Ⱄ ⰑⰓⰋⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰗⰅⰅⰄ Ⰰ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰖⰔⰅⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ — ⰔⰔⰓ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅ, ⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ-ⰃⰀⰕⰅⰄ, ⰄⰅⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ. ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰀⰓⰏⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ, ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰓⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰒⰒⰎⰅⰓ/ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰖⰏ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ ⰔⰀⰏⰒⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰑⰐⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ. "ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰁⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰋⰜ — ⰉⰑⰖ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗⰗ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰂⰀⰓⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ; ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰂⰋⰓⰅⰄ — ⰖⰔⰅⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰔ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰜⰑⰓⰅ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰕⰋⰎⰕ (ⰃⰀⰏⰏⰀ/ⰁⰅⰕⰀ) ⰋⰐⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰑⰓⰏⰀⰎⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰔⰖⰀⰎⰋⰔⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰒⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰑ; ⰔⰔⰓ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅ, ⰋⰑⰔ-13 ⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ-ⰃⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰅⰘⰋⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰖⰔⰅⰓ ⰃⰅⰔⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰄⰅⰃⰓⰀⰄⰅⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰑⰓⰋⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰀⰂⰀⰋⰎⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰋⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰐⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ
• ✓ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ ⰏⰀⰒⰔ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ (µⰕ) → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰓⰏⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰏⰓ/ⰅⰏ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ/ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰒⰒⰎⰅⰓ/ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ-ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰖⰏ (ⰗⰗⰕ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ-ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰏ-ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰖⰏ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰒⰕⰘ/ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ
• ✓"ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰐⰅⰎ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰋⰜ (ⰉⰑⰖ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰀ ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰖⰖⰋⰄ ⰑⰗⰗ Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅ’Ⱄ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰂⰀⰓⰅ); ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ — ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰃⰅⰕⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ, ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰋⰜ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ — ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰒ ⰕⰑ ⰒⰀⰒⰅⰓ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ↔ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰏ; ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ ⰓⰅⰕⰖⰓⰐⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰏⰁⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰐⰏⰓ ⰒⰖⰎⰔⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅ ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ, ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰅⰓⰗⰑⰓⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ’Ⱄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ. ⰜⰀⰒⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰂⰀⰜⰉ-ⰓⰅⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰐⰑ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰔⰕⰖⰓⰅ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰔⰓ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰖⰔⰅⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰂⰋⰓⰅⰔ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ + ⰄⰅⰂⰋⰜⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰔⰔⰓ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅ, ⰋⰑⰔ-13 ⰃⰅⰔⰕⰖⰓⰅ-ⰃⰀⰕⰅⰄ, ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰁⰀⰜⰍ) — ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ→ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰒ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰍⰋⰐⰄ (ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ↔ⰎⰀⰓⰏⰑⰓ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ, ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ↔ⰄⰑⰒⰒⰎⰅⰓ/ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ, ⰏⰋⰜ↔ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰗⰕ, ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ↔ⰅⰏ), ⰁⰖⰕ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰜ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰏ, ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰀⰄⰀⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰐⰏⰓ ⰒⰖⰎⰔⰅ. "ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ — ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰋⰜ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ (Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰃⰅⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰀ, ⰖⰖⰋⰄ) ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰐⰑ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰒ. ⰒⰓⰋⰂⰀⰜⰉ: ⰐⰑ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰑⰓ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕ ⰖⰔⰅⰓ ⰃⰅⰔⰕⰖⰓⰅ.

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ ⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ, ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰋⰄⰋⰑⰏ

4/4 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ ⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰋⰄⰋⰑⰏ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ ⰀⰄⰑⰒⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ’Ⱄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ — Ⰰ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰘ-ⰂⰖⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰜⰂⰀ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰐ ⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰀⰋⰎⰂⰋⰐⰄ: ⰋⰕ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰖⰋ-* ⰁⰅⰏ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ / ⰂⰋⰕⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐⰔ, ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰑⰓⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰑⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ: ⰀⰎⰎ ⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕⰅⰅⰐ — ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ, ⰎⰀⰁⰅⰎ, ⰕⰅⰘⰕⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰁⰑⰘ, ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ, ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓ, ⰀⰂⰀⰕⰀⰓ, ⰀⰎⰅⰓⰕ, ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔ, ⰔⰍⰅⰎⰅⰕⰑⰐ, ⰀⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕ-ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ, ⰕⰀⰁⰔ, ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰓⰄⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰕⰋⰒ, ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ, ⰁⰅⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕⰕⰑⰐ, ⰁⰀⰄⰃⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰓⰄ — ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰄⰋⰑⰏ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ-ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰜⰔⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰅⰘⰒⰑⰓⰕ, ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰄ-ⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ Ⰰ ⰘⰋⰄⰄⰅⰐ ⰃⰀⰒ. Ⰰ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰓⰑⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰗⰕⰅⰅⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ (ⰗⰋⰎⰅⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕ, ⰜⰔⰔ ⰁⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅⰄ, ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ). ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ: ⰕⰔⰜ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ-ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ .ⰂⰖⰅ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ/ⰜⰔⰔ/ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰕⰑⰑⰍ ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ’Ⱄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰀⰋⰎⰂⰋⰐⰄ — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰘ-ⰂⰖⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ + ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ-ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ-ⰀⰖⰕⰘⰑⰓⰋⰕⰉ (ⰜⰂⰀ) ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕⰔ + ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰐ() ⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰖⰋ-* ⰁⰅⰏ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ (ⰖⰋ-ⰁⰖⰕⰕⰑⰐ, ⰖⰋ-ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ--ⰃⰘⰑⰔⰕ …) ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓ/ⰖⰋ/ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ / ⰂⰋⰕⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐⰔ (--ⰋⰜⰘ-*, --ⰂⰒ-Ⱌ-*), ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰑⰓ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ; "ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ" ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰋⰄⰋⰑⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰐⰑⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰄⰋⰑⰏ — ⰀⰎⰎ 18 ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ 3 ⰒⰓⰅ-ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃ + ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ, ⰎⰀⰁⰅⰎ, ⰕⰅⰘⰕⰀⰓⰅⰀ, ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰁⰑⰘ, ⰔⰂⰋⰕⰜⰘ, ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓ, ⰀⰂⰀⰕⰀⰓ, ⰀⰎⰅⰓⰕ, ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔ, ⰔⰍⰅⰎⰅⰕⰑⰐ, ⰀⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ, ⰕⰀⰁⰔ, ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰓⰄⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰕⰋⰒ, ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ) ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ .ⰂⰖⰅ (ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ + ⰜⰂⰀ + ⰖⰋ-* ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ-ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰜⰔⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰅⰘⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓ/ⰖⰋ/ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕⰔ/ⰖⰋ/ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ.ⰕⰔ; Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰐⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰔⰔ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ ⰕⰑⰑ — Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ ⰂⰑⰖⰎⰄ ⰁⰅ Ⰰ ⰘⰋⰄⰄⰅⰐ ⰃⰀⰒ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ 15 ⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰅ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ: ⰀⰎⰎ ⰗⰋⰎⰅⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰔⰔ ⰁⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ --ⰋⰜⰘ-* ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ (ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ) ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰄ-ⰎⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔ ⰔⰎⰋⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ; 18/18 ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕ, 0 ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ — ⰔⰓⰜ/ⰖⰋ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰔⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰃ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰔⰜ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ-ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ ⰕⰘⰅ .ⰂⰖⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅⰔ (ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰂⰖⰅ-ⰕⰔⰜ ⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ + ⰜⰔⰔ-ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ-ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ + ⰁⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ (ⰂⰖⰅ-ⰕⰔⰜ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ/ⰄⰅⰂ-ⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰅⰐⰂⰋⰓⰑⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰀⰐⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰖⰐ — "ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰃⰀⰒⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ/ⰜⰔⰔ/ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰔⰖⰀⰎ + ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰗⰀⰍⰅⰄ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰔⰘⰀⰄⰜⰐ’Ⱄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰘ-ⰂⰖⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ + ⰜⰂⰀ + ⰜⰐ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰕⰀⰋⰎⰂⰋⰐⰄ, ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰋⰀ ⰖⰋ-* ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓ/ⰖⰋ/ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ / ⰂⰋⰕⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐⰔ — ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰕⰕⰑⰐ.ⰂⰖⰅ, ⰋⰐⰒⰖⰕ.ⰂⰖⰅ, ⰕⰀⰁⰔ.ⰂⰖⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ.ⰜⰔⰔ. ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ: 18/18 ⰜⰀⰐⰑⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕ, ⰜⰔⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅⰄ, ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅⰄ --ⰋⰜⰘ-* ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ (ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ), ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰂⰓⰋⰕⰕⰅⰐ. ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ): ⰔⰓⰜ/ⰖⰋ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰔⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰃ, ⰔⰑ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ:ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ .ⰂⰖⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅⰔ — ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰂⰖⰅ-ⰕⰔⰜ ⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ. ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ-ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ + ⰜⰔⰔ-ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐ-ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ + ⰁⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ (ⰂⰖⰅ-ⰕⰔⰜ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓⰅⰄ/ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰒⰒⰅⰀⰓⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰍⰖⰋⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ/ⰄⰅⰂ-ⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰅⰐⰂⰋⰓⰑⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕ. "ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ ⰃⰀⰒⰔ" ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅⰗⰑⰓⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰅ/ⰜⰔⰔ/ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ; ⰕⰉⰒⰅ-ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰋⰔⰖⰀⰎ/ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰅⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰗⰀⰍⰅⰄ ⰑⰓ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ.

ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ

ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ

4/4 ✓

ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰅ: ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ → ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ → ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ → ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ → ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ. ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰖⰁ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰓⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰓⰅⰒⰅⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ (ⰄⰓⰉ), ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ-ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ½ħω ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰕⰑ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ; ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ — ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ, ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰒⰀⰓⰕ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰕⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰰ432 ⰔⰅⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ 64 = 4³), ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ — ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ → ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ → ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ → ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ → ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰄⰅⰂⰅⰎⰑⰒⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰄⰓⰉ ⰁⰀⰕⰜⰘⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ, ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰅⰀⰕⰅⰄ — ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ · ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ · ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ); ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰄ ⰄⰓⰉ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ-ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰁⰋⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ½ħω ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ’Ⱄ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ; ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰏⰀⰒ — ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ (ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰒⰀⰓⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (Ⰰ432 ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ 64 = 4³) ⰀⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰐⰅⰂ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ — ⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ (ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ) ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰄⰓⰉ ⰖⰐⰋⰕ, ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰄ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰑⰓⰏⰎⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰓⰑⰖⰃⰘ-ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ½ħω, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ). ⰋⰕ ⰓⰅ-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰎⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ — ⰕⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰁ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰖⰔⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ (ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ), ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕⰎⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕⰋⰑⰐ.

ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ

6/6 ✓

ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ: "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ" (ⰎⰀⰕⰋⰐ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰔ, "ⰘⰑⰂ ⰏⰖⰜⰘ") ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰓⰅⰕⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕ — ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ'Ⱄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ℏ (Ⰵ = Ⱈν, 1900), ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰏⰀⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰅⰋⰓⰄⰐⰅⰔⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅⰂⰑⰓⰍ: Ⰰ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰖⰐⰋⰕ ⰂⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘ ⰘⰋⰎⰁⰅⰓⰕ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ, ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰀⰓⰋⰎⰉ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰘⰅⰓⰏⰋⰕⰋⰀⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰓⰀⰐⰄⰑⰏⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰓⰐ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ Ⱂ = |ⰀⰏⰒⰎⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ|². ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ, ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰓⰅⰕⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰐⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ [Ⱈ,Ⱂ] = Ⰻℏ (Ⰰ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰕⰓⰖⰐⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎⰔ (ⰋⰕⰔ 3 ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰖ(2) ⰕⰓⰋⰐⰋⰕⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ 3-ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰁⰀⰔⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ 4³ = 64), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰕⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰑⰓⰋⰈⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ — ⰁⰅⰎⰎ/ⰜⰘⰔⰘ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰎⰑⰑⰒⰘⰑⰎⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰔⰋⰓⰅⰎⰔⰑⰐ'Ⱄ 2√2 (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2022) ⰉⰅⰕ ⰐⰑ-ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰖⰕⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰘ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ — ⰂⰑⰓⰄ, ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅⰂⰑⰓⰍ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ, ⰅⰐⰕⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ'Ⱄ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰔ — 3 ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ, 4³ = 64 ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓⰔ (≠ ⰕⰘⰅ 8-ⰄⰋⰏ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ)
• ✓ⰁⰅⰎⰎ/ⰜⰘⰔⰘ: ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ≤ 2, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰖⰒ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰔⰋⰓⰅⰎⰔⰑⰐ 2√2 — ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰐⰑ-ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰕⰑⰉ — ⰃⰘⰈ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ-ⰂⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ, ⰁⰑⰓⰐ-ⰓⰖⰎⰅ, ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ — Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰂⰀⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰗⰎⰀⰒⰄⰑⰑⰄⰎⰅ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰅⰄⰃⰅ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰖⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰄ-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕⰔ-ⰕⰑ-ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰂⰘⰀⰕ-ⰋⰔ-ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰔⰂⰅⰅⰒ (6 ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ: 2 ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰄⰅⰁⰀⰔⰅ, 4 ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰏ / ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ / ⰍⰗⰕ / ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ; ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ — ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ, ⰁⰑⰓⰐ, ⰁⰅⰎⰎ, ⰕⰘⰅ 2022 & 2013 ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎⰔ, ⰀⰜⰘⰀⰓⰉⰀ ⰅⰕ ⰀⰎ. 2024, ⰕⰅⰃⰏⰀⰓⰍ, ⰉⰀⰗⰗⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ — ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ-ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ, ⰅⰐⰕⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ-ⰕⰅⰎⰅⰒⰀⰕⰘⰉ/ⰗⰕⰎ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ, ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ, ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰎⰅⰀⰒ"/432 ⰘⰈ (ⰃⰅⰎⰎ-ⰏⰀⰐⰐ'Ⱄ "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰀⰒⰄⰑⰑⰄⰎⰅ") — ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰅⰄⰃⰅ (ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ) ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰄ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰋⰐⰃ. ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ'Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ/ⰅⰐⰕⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓⰔ (ⰜⰀⰐⰄⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰓⰑⰑⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ-ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰂⰀⰓⰅ; ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰋⰕⰘⰗⰖⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰋⰐⰉ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ-ⰂⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰕⰑⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰑⰗ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰀⰄⰂⰀⰐⰕⰀⰃⰅ.

ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ)

5/5 ✓

ⰀⰎⰎ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ (ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ½ħω). Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰔ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰔⰖ(3)×ⰔⰖ(2)×Ⱆ(1) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ 17 ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ — 12 ⰔⰒⰋⰐ-½ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ-ⰁⰑⰔⰑⰐ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ (ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ, 8 ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐⰔ, Ⰲ, Ⰸ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ, ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ≈246 ⰃⰅⰂ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰲ/Ⰸ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰅⰄ 2012). ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ — ⰐⰑ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ/ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰓ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ. ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ: ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ, ⰔⰖⰔⰉ, ⰃⰖⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀ ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ", ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰑⰓⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

• ✓Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰔ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ, ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰔⰖ(3)×ⰔⰖ(2)×Ⱆ(1) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ 17 ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ: 12 ⰔⰒⰋⰐ-½ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐⰔ (6 ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍⰔ + 6 ⰎⰅⰒⰕⰑⰐⰔ, 3 ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ) + 4 ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ-ⰁⰑⰔⰑⰐ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ + ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ (ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰎⰅⰔⰔ, Ⱆ(1)), 8 ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐⰔ (ⰔⰖ(3) ⰜⰑⰎⰑⰖⰓ, ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰐⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ + ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰒⰕⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰄⰑⰏ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2004), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔⰋⰂⰅ Ⰲ/Ⰸ (≈80.4, 91.2 ⰃⰅⰂ; ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1979); ⰍⰅⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ (ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ Ⰳ−2 ⰕⰑ ~12 ⰄⰋⰃⰋⰕⰔ)
• ✓ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ — Ⰰ ⰔⰒⰋⰐ-0 ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰜⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ ≈246 ⰃⰅⰂ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ, ⰃⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰲ/Ⰸ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰅⰓⰏⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰂⰋⰀ ⰉⰖⰍⰀⰂⰀ) ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ; ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰜⰅⰓⰐ ⰋⰐ 2012 (≈125 ⰃⰅⰂ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2013). ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰘⰀⰔ Ⰰ ½ħω ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰏⰑⰄⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ/ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅⰔ (ⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎ-ⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ). ⰔⰖⰏⰏⰅⰄ ⰐⰀⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰏ ⰑⰏⰋⰕⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ/ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ; ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ, ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ · ⰔⰖⰔⰉ · ⰃⰖⰕⰔ · ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀ-ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ, ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ, ⰐⰑ ⰎⰘⰜ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰎ), ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ "ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ" (ⰘⰀⰃⰅⰎⰋⰐ/ⰕⰏ), ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰏ, "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰐⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰅⰎⰄⰓⰀⰍⰅ’Ⱄ ⰏⰑⰓⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 3-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰒⰄⰃ/ⰜⰅⰓⰐ/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖ(3)×ⰔⰖ(2)×Ⱆ(1) ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ (17 ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰐ/ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ/Ⰲ/Ⰸ ⰃⰀⰖⰃⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ (ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰐⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰒⰕⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰅⰄⰑⰏ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2004; ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1979), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰂⰅⰂ ≈246 ⰃⰅⰂ, ⰏⰀⰔⰔ 125.20 ⰃⰅⰂ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2013), ⰍⰅⰄ’Ⱄ ~12-ⰄⰋⰃⰋⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ½ħω ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ (ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰔⰀⰕⰅⰔ) — ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰍⰅⰉ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ: ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ; "ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰎⰖⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰐⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰒⰑⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰄⰑⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ (ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰋⰂⰅ ½ħω ⰔⰖⰏ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰔ (ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ/ⰔⰖⰔⰉ/ⰃⰖⰕ/ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀ-ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ, ⰒⰅⰅⰓ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ, ⰏⰅⰓⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ) ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰘⰀⰃⰅⰎⰋⰐ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ-ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ, ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ, "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰐⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ", ⰔⰘⰅⰎⰄⰓⰀⰍⰅ — ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰐⰑ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ) — ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ

4/4 ✓

ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ (ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ → ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ → ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ). ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰅⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅ (Ⰳμν = 8πⰃ/Ⱌ⁴·Ⱅμν, 1915); ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰁⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ — ⰏⰅⰓⰜⰖⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰒⰅⰓⰋⰘⰅⰎⰋⰑⰐ, ⰅⰄⰄⰋⰐⰃⰕⰑⰐ’Ⱄ 1919 ⰅⰜⰎⰋⰒⰔⰅ, ⰃⰒⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ, ⰎⰋⰃⰑ’Ⱄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2017) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰕ’Ⱄ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ-ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰋⰏⰀⰃⰅⰔ. ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰑⰏⰋⰕⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰜⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ — ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ — ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ: ⰐⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ~10¹⁵ ⰕⰋⰏⰅⰔ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ~68% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ~27% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ.

• ✓ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅⰕⰋⰏⰅ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰁⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ — Ⰳμν = 8πⰃ/Ⱌ⁴·Ⱅμν (1915); ⰏⰅⰓⰜⰖⰓⰉ’Ⱄ 43″/ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰖⰓⰉ, ⰅⰄⰄⰋⰐⰃⰕⰑⰐ 1919, ⰃⰒⰔ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ +38 µⰔ/ⰄⰀⰉ, ⰎⰋⰃⰑ ⰃⰂ150914 (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2017), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰕ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍ-ⰘⰑⰎⰅ ⰋⰏⰀⰃⰅⰔ (Ⰿ87* 2019, ⰔⰃⰓ Ⰰ* 2022). Ⱃ_Ⱄ = 2ⰃⰏ/Ⱌ² ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰐ ≈ 2.95 ⰍⰏ)
• ✓ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ — ⰃⰓ (ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰕⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰀⰕ ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ; ⰐⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ (~1.22Ⰵ19 ⰃⰅⰂ) ⰋⰔ ~10¹⁵× ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰘⰜ. ⰃⰓ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰄⰑⰂⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰖⰎⰀⰓⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰔⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ — ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ (ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ, ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰏⰁ ⰒⰅⰀⰍⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ ~8σ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ; ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ’Ⱄ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2011) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ — ~68% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ~27% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ~5% ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ/Ⰿ-ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ, ⰎⰑⰑⰒ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ, ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰒⰕⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ, ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰀⰎ ⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰐⰃⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ; ⰂⰋⰏⰒⰔ/ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐⰔ; ⰏⰑⰐⰄ; ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰕⰅⰔⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ, ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ) ⰂⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰀⰐⰕⰋ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ/ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ/ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ, "ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ" — ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ, ⰐⰑ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ). ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 2-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰎⰋⰃⰑ/ⰅⰘⰕ/ⰐⰀⰔⰀ/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰃⰓ’Ⱄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰏⰅⰓⰜⰖⰓⰉ 43″/ⰜⰉ, ⰅⰄⰄⰋⰐⰃⰕⰑⰐ 1919, ⰒⰑⰖⰐⰄ–ⰓⰅⰁⰍⰀ, ⰃⰒⰔ +38 µⰔ/ⰄⰀⰉ, ⰃⰂ150914 ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2017, ⰅⰘⰕ Ⰿ87*/ⰔⰃⰓ Ⰰ*, ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰋⰐⰃ), Ⱃ_Ⱄ = 2ⰃⰏ/Ⱌ² ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰔⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ’Ⱄ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰖⰓⰂⰅⰔ, ⰁⰖⰎⰎⰅⰕ ⰜⰎⰖⰔⰕⰅⰓ ~8σ, ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰎⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2011, ~68/27/5). ⰍⰅⰉ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ: ⰃⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰑⰁⰑⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ"/ⰗⰋⰐⰀⰎ (ⰋⰕ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰄⰑⰂⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰖⰎⰀⰓⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ); "ⰐⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ" ≠ "ⰐⰑ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ" (ⰃⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰁ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ; ⰎⰋⰃⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰃⰋⰏⰅ); ⰗⰑⰓ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ, ⰗⰑⰓ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ — ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰔ "ⰄⰑⰅⰔⰐ’Ⱅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕ". ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ: ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ/ⰎⰍⰃ/ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰒⰕⰑⰕⰋⰜ-ⰔⰀⰗⰅⰕⰉ/ⰜⰄⰕ, ⰂⰋⰏⰒ/ⰀⰘⰋⰑⰐ, ⰏⰑⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰋⰐⰕⰅⰔⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ, ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐ-ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰀⰐⰕⰋ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ/ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" (ⰎⰋⰐⰍⰔ ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ/ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ "ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ" (ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ, ⰋⰃ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1998) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰐⰑ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ). ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ & ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ". ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ; ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ (ⰎⰑⰃ) ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ, Ⱄ = Ⰽ_Ⰱ ⰎⰐ Ⰲ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎⰎⰉ "ⰄⰋⰔⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ"; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ η = 1 − Ⱅ_Ⱌ/Ⱅ_Ⱈ ⰜⰀⰒⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ. ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ: ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰋⰁⰁⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ (ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ) ⰔⰅⰕⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ ⰑⰗ Ⰽ_Ⰱ·Ⱅ·ⰎⰐ2 ⰕⰑ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ — ⰔⰑ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ, ⰜⰀⰐ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰋⰒⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ, ⰄⰑⰐ’Ⱅ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰏⰉⰕⰘ, ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰍⰋⰐⰄⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ-ⰎⰀⰂ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ"/ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ — ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰕⰘ (ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ), ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ (ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ, ΔⰖ = Ⰽ − Ⰲ), ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰔⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰜⰓⰅⰀⰔⰅⰔ; ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰗⰎⰑⰂⰔ ⰘⰑⰕ→ⰜⰑⰎⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰓⰑⰂ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ), ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄ (ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ → Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰀⰔ Ⱅ → 0; ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ 0 Ⰽ = −273.15 °Ⱌ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰀⰁⰎⰅ)
• ✓ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰄⰋⰔⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ" — Ⱄ = Ⰽ_Ⰱ ⰎⰐ Ⰲ (ⰁⰑⰎⰕⰈⰏⰀⰐⰐ; Ⰽ_Ⰱ = 1.380649Ⰵ-23 Ⰹ/Ⰽ, ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ, ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰎⰂⰋⰐ ⰔⰋⰐⰜⰅ 2019); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰒⰔ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰘⰅⰀⰕ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ ⰀⰕ η = 1 − Ⱅ_Ⱌ/Ⱅ_Ⱈ (ⰘⰅⰓⰅ 0.5), ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰁⰉ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰅ
• ✓ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ — ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ Ⱈ = −Σ Ⱂ ⰎⰑⰃ Ⱂ (1948) ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰋⰁⰁⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ; ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ (1961): ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰔ ≥ Ⰽ_Ⰱ·Ⱅ·ⰎⰐ2 (~2.9Ⰵ-21 Ⰹ ⰀⰕ 300 Ⰽ), ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ (ⰁéⰓⰖⰕ, ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ 2012); ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰁⰅⰐⰐⰅⰕⰕ 1973) ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ → ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰄⰋⰔⰔⰋⰒⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰏⰀⰘⰂⰅⰎⰎ’Ⱄ ⰄⰅⰏⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰗⰎⰑⰑⰓ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ" — ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅ, ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰁⰅⰀⰕⰔ ⰋⰕ (ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰜⰑⰔⰕⰔ Ⰽ_Ⰱ·Ⱅ·ⰎⰐ2). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ/ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ
• ✓ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — "ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ = ⰄⰋⰔⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ" (Ⰰ ⰏⰋⰔⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ; ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰘⰀⰂⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰘⰅⰓ ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ), ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ 1ⰔⰕ ⰍⰋⰐⰄ (ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ 2ⰐⰄ ⰍⰋⰐⰄ (ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂ), "ⰕⰘⰅ 2ⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ" (ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ — ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰗⰅⰄ ⰎⰑⰂ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ ⰔⰖⰐⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ), ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ"/ⰐⰅⰃⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ-ⰀⰔ-Ⰰ-ⰎⰋⰗⰅ-ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ + ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ + ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ)

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 2-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰐⰋⰔⰕ/ⰋⰁⰏ/ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ; Ⱄ = Ⰽ_Ⰱ ⰎⰐ Ⰲ (Ⰽ_Ⰱ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰐⰑⰕ ⰎⰋⰏⰋⰕ; ⰔⰘⰀⰐⰐⰑⰐ↔ⰃⰋⰁⰁⰔ (ⰀⰐ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ, ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ); ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ’Ⱄ Ⰽ_Ⰱ·Ⱅ·ⰎⰐ2 (ⰁéⰓⰖⰕ 2012, ⰁⰅⰐⰐⰅⰕⰕ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ). ⰍⰅⰉ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ / ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ": ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ-ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ (ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅ, ⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ) ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰀⰔⰉⰏⰒⰕⰑⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰀⰖⰅⰓ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ — ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰁⰅⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ; ⰒⰘⰓⰀⰔⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰂⰀⰉ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰔ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰑⰓ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: "ⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ = ⰄⰋⰔⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ" (ⰏⰋⰔⰎⰅⰀⰄⰔ), ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ 1ⰔⰕ/2ⰐⰄ ⰍⰋⰐⰄ (ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ 1ⰔⰕ/2ⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ), "2ⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰄⰋⰔⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ" (ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰐ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰎⰋⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ), ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ/ⰐⰅⰃⰅⰐⰕⰓⰑⰒⰉ-ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰒⰅⰓⰒⰅⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰑⰐ). "ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ" ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ "ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ".

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ½ħω ⰜⰑⰓⰅ)

4/4 ✓

ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ’Ⱄ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ — Ⰵ₀ = ½ħω ⰒⰅⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰑⰓ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰕⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ (ⰎⰀⰏⰑⰓⰅⰀⰖⰘ 1997, ⰏⰑⰘⰋⰄⰅⰅⰐ–ⰓⰑⰉ 1998) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ (1947) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ. ⰋⰕⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ (~120 ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰗⰗ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ). ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰐⰑ ⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰅ ⰄⰓⰀⰂⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ", ⰑⰓⰃⰑⰐⰅ, ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰓⰋⰗⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ" ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

• ✓ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ — Ⰵ₀ = ½ħω, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ-ⰑⰔⰜⰋⰎⰎⰀⰕⰑⰓ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ (ΔⰘ·ΔⰒ ≥ ħ/2) ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰗⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰖⰏ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ
• ✓ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ Ⱇ/Ⰰ = −π²ħⰜ/240Ⰰ⁴ (ⰀⰕⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ) ⰂⰀⰔ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰎⰀⰏⰑⰓⰅⰀⰖⰘ 1997 (ⰒⰓⰎ 78:5) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰑⰘⰋⰄⰅⰅⰐ–ⰓⰑⰉ 1998 (ⰒⰓⰎ 81:4549); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ (≈1057.8 ⰏⰘⰈ, ⰎⰀⰏⰁ–ⰓⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓⰗⰑⰓⰄ 1947) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰒⰑⰐⰕⰀⰐⰅⰑⰖⰔ ⰅⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰗⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ (Ⰰ ⰖⰂ-ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰕ ∫ω³Ⰴω, ⰜⰖⰕ ⰑⰗⰗ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ ⰘⰋⰃⰘ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ) ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰓⰍ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ ⰁⰉ ~120 ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰋⰕⰖⰄⰅ (ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ-ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ, ~50–120); "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰓⰔⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ", ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ
• ✓ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ — ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ (ⰐⰑ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰗⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ (ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰀⰉⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ 1ⰔⰕ/2ⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ; ⰔⰑ ⰈⰒⰅ "ⰗⰓⰅⰅ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰑⰓⰔ, ⰏⰜⰕⰀⰃⰃⰀⰓⰕ’Ⱄ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ", ⰓⰅⰋⰜⰘ’Ⱄ ⰑⰓⰃⰑⰐⰅ (ⰗⰄⰀ-ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ, 1954), ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ, ⰓⰋⰗⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ" ⰀⰎⰎ ⰗⰀⰋⰎ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 4-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ½ħω ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐⰕⰉ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰗⰕ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ (Ⱇ/Ⰰ = −π²ħⰜ/240Ⰰ⁴) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰏⰁ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰑⰒⰅⰐ). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ/ⰑⰂⰅⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ" ⰋⰔ ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰄ ⰑⰖⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ (ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ + ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰑⰄⰉⰐⰀⰏⰋⰜⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰓⰂⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰎⰀⰉⰔ (ⰏⰜⰕⰀⰃⰃⰀⰓⰕ, ⰑⰓⰃⰑⰐⰅ, ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰀⰓ/ⰓⰋⰗⰅ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰗⰕⰅⰄ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ. ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ: ⰋⰕⰔ "ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰏⰅⰀⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ (Ⰰ432 ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ-ⰔⰕⰀⰓⰕⰅⰓ, ⰔⰓⰜ/0 ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰑⰑⰕ) — Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ — ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰜⰖⰖⰏ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ/0 (ⰈⰅⰓⰑⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰜⰀⰔⰋⰏⰋⰓⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ) ⰁⰅⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ.

ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰀⰕⰑⰏⰔ & ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ

5/5 ✓

ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰖⰒ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰀⰓⰄ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰀⰕⰑⰏⰔ: Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰐⰉ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰖⰔ (ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐⰔ, ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ) ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ 99.9% ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ — ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ — ⰂⰓⰀⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰋⰑⰄⰋⰜ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ’Ⱄ 118 ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰓⰁⰋⰕⰀⰎ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ-ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ. ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ (ⰜⰑⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ, ⰋⰑⰐⰋⰜ, ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰎⰎⰋⰜ — Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰖⰏ) ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰔ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅⰔ; ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰓⰁⰑⰐ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ. ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ" (ⰀⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐ, 1972): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ, ⰉⰅⰕ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰅⰘⰀⰂⰋⰑⰖⰓ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰐⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰔ — ⰂⰅⰀⰍ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰍⰋⰐⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰏ.

• ✓ⰀⰕⰑⰏⰔ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ ⰖⰒ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ — Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰖⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐⰔ + ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰑⰐⰔ (ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ) ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ >99.9% ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ ⰍⰜⰄ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰎⰋⰐⰍ), ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐⰔ (ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ) ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ Ⰸ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰋⰑⰄⰋⰜ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰜⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓⰔ + ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ + ⰀⰖⰗⰁⰀⰖ ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ 118 ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ 7 ⰒⰅⰓⰋⰑⰄⰔ (ⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ); ⰉⰅⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰖⰗⰁⰀⰖ (ⰏⰀⰄⰅⰎⰖⰐⰃ) ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎöⰂⰄⰋⰐ ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰎⰅⰐⰃⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ~20 ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰋⰕ — ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰐⰄ-ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ
• ✓ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ, ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰜⰑⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ (ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰐ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ), ⰋⰑⰐⰋⰜ (ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰗⰅⰓ/ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰜ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰎⰎⰋⰜ (Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰔⰅⰀ) ⰎⰋⰅ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰖⰏ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰉⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰍⰋⰐⰄⰔ; ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰃⰅⰐ ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ (~66 ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰓⰁⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰕⰅⰕⰓⰀⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰜⰉ/ⰜⰀⰕⰅⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ
• ✓"ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ" (ⰀⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐ 1972) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ (ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ), ⰉⰅⰕ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰅⰘⰀⰂⰋⰑⰖⰓ (ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰜⰑⰐⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ/ⰁⰜⰔ ⰜⰑⰑⰒⰅⰓ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ, ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰎⰋⰗⰅ) ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰔ: ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰀⰍ/ⰅⰒⰋⰔⰕⰅⰏⰋⰜ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ (ⰑⰐⰕⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ) ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰐⰅⰂ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰘⰋⰃⰘ-ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ — ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ/"ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ" (ⰀⰁⰀⰐⰄⰑⰐⰅⰄ; ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰂöⰘⰎⰅⰓ’Ⱄ 1828 ⰖⰓⰅⰀ ⰍⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰐ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕ" ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ Ⰰ ⰏⰉⰕⰘ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰖⰀⰎ), ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ/ⰘⰑⰏⰅⰑⰒⰀⰕⰘⰉ (ⰐⰑ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰁⰅⰐⰂⰅⰐⰋⰔⰕⰅ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰒⰀⰕⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅⰁⰑ), "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ" (ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔⰕ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ — ⰒⰘⰑⰕⰑⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰑⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ-ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ ("118 ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰑⰓ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ / 64-ⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ" — ⰐⰑ ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰜⰀⰒⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ)

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 2-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰋⰖⰒⰀⰜ/ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰀⰒⰔ/ⰒⰅⰅⰓ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰀⰕⰑⰏⰋⰜ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (>99.9% ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰀⰓ; ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰋⰜⰅ-ⰍⰜⰄ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰐ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ~9% ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ-ⰏⰀⰔⰔ / 32% ⰍⰖⰀⰓⰍ-ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ / 36% ⰃⰎⰖⰑⰐ / 23% ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰅ-ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰉ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰏ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰋⰑⰄⰋⰜ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ (ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ + ⰀⰖⰗⰁⰀⰖ, 118 ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ), ⰁⰑⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰑⰓⰁⰋⰕⰀⰎ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰎⰀⰒ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐ’Ⱄ "ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ". ⰍⰅⰉ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰖⰗⰁⰀⰖ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ (ⰎöⰂⰄⰋⰐ ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰎⰅⰐⰃⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ, ~20 ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰅⰏ; ⰀⰐⰄⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐ’Ⱄ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰀⰍ/ⰅⰒⰋⰔⰕⰅⰏⰋⰜ (ⰋⰕ ⰍⰅⰅⰒⰔ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰂⰔ) — ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃ/ⰑⰐⰕⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰜⰑⰂⰀⰎⰅⰐⰕ/ⰋⰑⰐⰋⰜ/ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰎⰎⰋⰜ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰖⰏ; ⰜⰑⰑⰒⰅⰓ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰎⰀⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰓⰁⰋⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅⰔ; "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰕⰑⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰏⰒⰕⰉ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ" ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰃⰃⰔ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰄⰀⰉ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ" ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰎⰖⰏⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰗⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ; ~99% ⰑⰗ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰐ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰍⰜⰄ). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ/ⰘⰑⰏⰅⰑⰒⰀⰕⰘⰉ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ (ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔⰕ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ). ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ 118 ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ (ⰑⰓ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰅⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ) ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ / Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ / 64-ⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ — ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰀⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰜⰀⰒⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰃⰓⰑⰂ; ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ, ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰈⰅ ⰋⰕ.

ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ

5/5 ✓

ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ, ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰒⰎⰀⰉ ⰑⰖⰕ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ-ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ → ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ → ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ → ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰘⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓ), ≈13.8 ⰁⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰉⰅⰀⰓⰔ ⰑⰎⰄ, ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰒⰋⰎⰎⰀⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰒⰅⰐⰈⰋⰀⰔ–ⰂⰋⰎⰔⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1978), ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ΛⰜⰄⰏ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (~68% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ, ~27% ⰄⰀⰓⰍ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ~5% ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ). ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰔⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰘⰋⰖⰏ-7 ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ. ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰁⰅⰉⰑⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰅⰔ) ⰂⰅⰓⰔⰖⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰑⰗ ⰑⰗ ⰃⰑⰄ ⰑⰓ ⰀⰕⰘⰅⰋⰔⰏ, Ⰰ "ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ" ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰀⰐ "ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ" ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ).

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰘⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ (ⰐⰑ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰑⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ–ⰎⰅⰏⰀîⰕⰓⰅ ⰎⰀⰂ; ⰀⰃⰅ ≈ 13.8 ⰃⰉⰓ (ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ 2018, 13.797 ± 0.023)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰒⰋⰎⰎⰀⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰁⰀⰜⰍⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰒⰅⰐⰈⰋⰀⰔ–ⰂⰋⰎⰔⰑⰐ 1965, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1978; Ⰰ 2.725 Ⰽ ⰁⰎⰀⰜⰍⰁⰑⰄⰉ; ⰜⰑⰁⰅ ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2006; ⰀⰐⰋⰔⰑⰕⰓⰑⰒⰋⰅⰔ ~1 ⰋⰐ 10⁵ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ), ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (~75% Ⱈ, ~25% ⰘⰅ-4 ⰁⰉ ⰏⰀⰔⰔ, ⰏⰀⰕⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰄⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ — ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰋⰐ ΛⰜⰄⰏ (~68/27/5)
• ✓ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ (ⰜⰏⰁ-ⰋⰐⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ Ⱈ₀ ≈ 67.4 ⰂⰔ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ-ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ≈ 73.0 ⰍⰏ/Ⱄ/ⰏⰒⰜ, ~5σ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰘⰋⰖⰏ-7 ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ~3× ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰁⰁⰐ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰑⰏⰀⰎⰋⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ, ⰗⰎⰀⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ-ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕ ⰜⰏⰁ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰖⰏ (ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ Ⱀₛ = 0.9649, ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰋⰐⰃ Ⱀₛ = 1 ⰀⰕ 8.4σ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰑⰓⰄⰋⰀⰎ Ⰱ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ (ⰁⰋⰜⰅⰒ2’Ⱄ 2014 ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰃⰀⰎⰀⰜⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰖⰔⰕ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰅⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅ, ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰋⰜ/ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰜⰋⰐⰃ/ⰅⰍⰒⰉⰓⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰅⰔ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰔ — ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰅⰔⰕ) ⰂⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ("ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰃⰑⰄ" ⰑⰓ "ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰕⰘⰅⰋⰔⰏ" [ⰎⰅⰏⰀîⰕⰓⰅ, ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓ, ⰑⰒⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ], "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰉⰑⰖⰐⰃ-ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰄⰅⰐⰋⰀⰎ). ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (Ⰰ 2-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰜⰍ/ⰐⰀⰔⰀ/ⰅⰔⰀ/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰑⰜⰍ-ⰔⰑⰎⰋⰄ — ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰏⰁ (2.725 Ⰽ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1978/2006), ⰁⰁⰐ (~75% Ⱈ/25% ⰘⰅ), ⰀⰃⰅ 13.797 ⰃⰉⰓ, ΛⰜⰄⰏ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰃ ⰁⰀⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰀⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰑⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ. ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰋⰐⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰁⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ (~5σ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰜⰏⰁ ~67.4 ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ~73.0) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰘⰋⰖⰏ-7 ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ. ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰎⰉ ⰏⰑⰕⰋⰂⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰘⰑⰓⰋⰈⰑⰐ/ⰗⰎⰀⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ/Ⱀₛ = 0.9649 (8.4σ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅ-ⰋⰐⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰜⰅ) ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰱ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ (ⰁⰋⰜⰅⰒ2 2014 ⰂⰀⰔ ⰄⰖⰔⰕ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ: ⰅⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ/ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰔⰜⰀⰒⰅ, ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰋⰜ/ⰅⰍⰒⰉⰓⰑⰕⰋⰜ/ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰃⰓⰀⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ (ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰅⰔⰕ), ⰜⰀⰕⰅⰃⰑⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ("ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ", ⰁⰋⰃ-ⰁⰀⰐⰃ-ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ-ⰃⰑⰄ/ⰀⰕⰘⰅⰋⰔⰏ — ⰎⰅⰏⰀîⰕⰓⰅ, Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰋⰅⰔⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓ, ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕⰎⰉ ⰑⰒⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ — ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰀⰔ-ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ-ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰉⰑⰖⰐⰃ-ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰄⰅⰐⰋⰀⰎ). ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ-ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰎⰋⰗⰅ & ⰏⰋⰐⰄ

ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ (ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ)

5/5 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰅ: ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ–ⰖⰓⰅⰉ ⰔⰒⰀⰓⰍⰅⰄ ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ ⰋⰐ 1953, ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰑⰓⰋⰕⰅⰔ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰉ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰉⰀⰐⰑⰔⰖⰎⰗⰋⰄⰋⰜ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰉⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰑⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰓⰐⰀ, ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰒⰋⰄ ⰕⰑⰃⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ. ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ, ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰖⰃⰘⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰀⰐ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅ, Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ. ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰁⰑⰄⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ Ⰰ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ, ⰐⰑ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰒⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰁⰋⰕⰅ: ⰂⰘⰉ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰜⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰅⰄⰐⰅⰔⰔ, ⰘⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰑⰓ ⰁⰅⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰅ (ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰒⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ, ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰒⰉⰋⰐⰃ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰓⰑⰔⰅ. ⰋⰕ ⰎⰋⰍⰅⰎⰉ ⰁⰅⰃⰀⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰑⰓ ⰋⰐ ⰄⰓⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰑⰐⰄⰔ — ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ. ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰋⰕ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐⰅⰄ" ⰑⰓ "ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ" ⰀⰐⰔⰂⰅⰓ ⰐⰑⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ — ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ–ⰖⰓⰅⰉ (1953; ~5 ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰎⰎⰉ, 22+ ⰑⰐ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰓⰅⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰔ, 23 ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⱈ₂Ⱄ), ⰑⰓó’Ⱄ ⰀⰄⰅⰐⰋⰐⰅ = (ⰘⰜⰐ)₅ (1961), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰉⰀⰐⰑⰔⰖⰎⰗⰋⰄⰋⰜ ⰓⰑⰖⰕⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰕⰋⰄⰅⰔ (ⰒⰑⰂⰐⰅⰓ–ⰔⰖⰕⰘⰅⰓⰎⰀⰐⰄ 2009 ⰒⰉⰓⰋⰏⰋⰄⰋⰐⰅⰔ; ⰁⰅⰜⰍⰅⰓ–ⰜⰀⰓⰅⰎⰎ 2019 ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰒⰖⰓⰋⰐⰅⰔ+ⰒⰉⰓⰋⰏⰋⰄⰋⰐⰅⰔ; ⰒⰀⰕⰅⰎ 2015 ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰑⰓⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰓⰐⰀ, ⰒⰅⰒⰕⰋⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰋⰒⰋⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ — ⰕⰘⰑⰖⰃⰘ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰅ-ⰒⰑⰕ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅⰓⰓⰅⰔⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰂⰅⰓⰉ (ⰏⰖⰓⰜⰘⰋⰔⰑⰐ’Ⱄ >90 ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ, ⰋⰔⰑⰕⰑⰒⰅ-ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰕⰅⰓⰓⰅⰔⰕⰓⰋⰀⰎ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ~2.8–9.2% Ⰾ-ⰅⰘⰜⰅⰔⰔ; ⰃⰎⰉⰜⰋⰐⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕ 67Ⱂ ⰁⰉ ⰓⰑⰔⰅⰕⰕⰀ). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰎⰑⰜⰍⰔ ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ; Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ (0 ⰄⰅ ⰐⰑⰂⰑ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰔ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ — ⰓⰐⰀ ⰀⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰎⰉⰔⰕ, ⰔⰑ ⰋⰕ ⰏⰀⰉ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰐⰀ+ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰋⰐ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ: ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ (ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰎⰉⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰐⰀ; ⰜⰅⰜⰘ & ⰀⰎⰕⰏⰀⰐ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1989) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ’Ⱄ ⰒⰅⰒⰕⰋⰄⰅ-ⰁⰑⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰐⰀ (Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ; ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2009) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰅⰉ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰐ-ⰂⰋⰕⰓⰑ-ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰑⰎⰉⰏⰅⰓⰀⰔⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ. ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅⰄ, ⰁⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ — ⰐⰑ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ ⰉⰅⰕ ⰗⰖⰎⰎⰉ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰖⰐⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰂ, ⰔⰕⰋⰎⰎ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ — ⰀⰎⰍⰀⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ ⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ (ⰓⰖⰔⰔⰅⰎⰎ/ⰎⰀⰐⰅ/ⰏⰀⰓⰕⰋⰐ: ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰐ ⰃⰓⰀⰄⰋⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰏⰋⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰏⰁⰓⰀⰐⰅⰔ → ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰑⰔⰏⰑⰔⰋⰔ, ⰎⰋⰗⰅ’Ⱄ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰅⰐⰅⰓⰃⰉ ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰜⰉ), ⰂⰀⰓⰏ ⰎⰋⰕⰕⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰐⰄⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰂⰅⰕ–ⰄⰓⰉ ⰜⰉⰜⰎⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰑⰜⰅⰎⰎⰔ (ⰗⰀⰕⰕⰉ-ⰀⰜⰋⰄ ⰂⰅⰔⰋⰜⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰃⰓⰑⰂ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰄⰅ, ⰔⰈⰑⰔⰕⰀⰍ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰎⰉ-ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰐⰃ ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰉ ⰀⰕⰏⰑⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰅⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰕⰅⰄ (Ⰰ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰑ₂/Ⱀ₂ ⰀⰕⰏⰑⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰉⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ — ⰘⰑⰏⰑⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ (ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ Ⰾ-ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰴ-ⰔⰖⰃⰀⰓⰔ — ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰀⰎⰎ ⰎⰅⰗⰕ-ⰘⰀⰐⰄⰅⰄ"; ⰋⰕ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰁⰋⰀⰔ, ⰀⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰕⰅⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ); ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐ’Ⱄ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰑⰘ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰜⰀⰕⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰒⰘⰅ: ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰕⰘⰓⰅⰔⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰅ μ≈0.05 ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ Ⰾ_ⰏⰀⰘ ≈ 20 ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ, ⰗⰀⰓ ⰔⰘⰑⰓⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ~200+ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰔⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ — ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰅⰅⰄⰔ ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ, ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ ⰐⰅⰅⰄ ⰀⰜⰜⰖⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ (ⰋⰕⰔ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ-ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰋⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰓⰀⰐⰄⰑⰏⰐⰅⰔⰔ). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ (ⰒⰅⰓ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ) ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰓ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ, ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ: ⰒⰎⰀⰖⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰅⰒⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑ ⰅⰐⰄ-ⰕⰑ-ⰅⰐⰄ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ (ⰎⰖⰜⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ). ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰐⰀ-ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ-ⰀⰔ-ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ, ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏⰔ (ⰂⰅⰀⰍ-ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰒⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ, ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓⰎⰉ-ⰒⰑⰎⰀⰓⰋⰈⰅⰄ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰐⰔⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰀ ⰀⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰋⰕ ⰓⰅⰎⰑⰜⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰎⰅⰃⰋⰕⰋⰏⰀⰕⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ / ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ ("ⰕⰑⰑ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰓⰋⰔⰅ" / "ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ–ⰖⰓⰅⰉ ⰑⰓ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ" — ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰐⰜⰓⰅⰄⰖⰎⰋⰕⰉ). ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; "ⰃⰑⰄ/ⰀⰎⰋⰅⰐⰔ ⰄⰋⰄ ⰋⰕ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 58 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 30 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ (ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ–ⰖⰓⰅⰉ 1953 + ⰓⰅⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰔ), ⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ (ⰑⰓó 1961), ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰐⰖⰜⰎⰅⰑⰕⰋⰄⰅⰔ (ⰒⰑⰂⰐⰅⰓ–ⰔⰖⰕⰘⰅⰓⰎⰀⰐⰄ 2009; ⰁⰅⰜⰍⰅⰓ–ⰜⰀⰓⰅⰎⰎ 2019), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰉⰀⰐⰑⰔⰖⰎⰗⰋⰄⰋⰜ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ (ⰒⰀⰕⰅⰎ 2015), ⰏⰅⰕⰅⰑⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜ/ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕⰀⰓⰉ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰂⰅⰓⰉ (ⰏⰖⰓⰜⰘⰋⰔⰑⰐ; ⰜⰑⰏⰅⰕ 67Ⱂ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅⰔ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎⰔ 1989, 2009). ⰖⰐⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ/ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰐⰀ ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰀⰜⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ, ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰘⰑⰏⰑⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ’Ⱄ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰐⰔⰒⰅⰓⰏⰋⰀ ⰀⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰋⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰓⰅⰎⰑⰜⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ). ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ: ⰘⰑⰏⰑⰜⰘⰋⰓⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ, ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐ’Ⱄ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰑⰘ (ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰕⰘⰓⰅⰔⰘⰑⰎⰄ ≈ 20 ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰅⰐⰈⰉⰏⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰅ — Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ "ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰓ"), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ’Ⱄ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ. ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ/ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ-ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ (ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰐⰜⰓⰅⰄⰖⰎⰋⰕⰉ; ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐ), ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ–ⰖⰓⰅⰉ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ"/"ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ"/"ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰅⰂⰋⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ" ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰐⰑ ⰄⰅ ⰐⰑⰂⰑ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰁⰅⰅⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰈⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰒ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐⰅⰓ.

ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ

5/5 ✓

ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰐⰃⰋⰐⰅ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰖⰓⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰑⰓ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰕⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰎⰋⰂⰅ. ⰋⰕⰔ ⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ: ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ-ⰗⰋⰕ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰕⰔ ⰎⰅⰀⰂⰅ ⰏⰑⰓⰅ ⰑⰗⰗⰔⰒⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰔⰑ ⰒⰑⰒⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰘⰋⰗⰕ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ (ⰒⰑⰒⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰉ–ⰂⰅⰋⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ ⰐⰖⰎⰎ ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰂⰘⰅⰎⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ: ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎⰔ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰑⰜⰍ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰀⰏⰋⰎⰉ ⰕⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰓⰀⰂⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰁⰑⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰄⰐⰀ, ⰓⰅⰕⰓⰑⰂⰋⰓⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰔⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰀⰕⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋ’Ⱄ ⰗⰎⰀⰔⰍⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ’Ⱄ ⰗⰋⰐⰜⰘⰅⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ (ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ, ⰅⰂⰑ-ⰄⰅⰂⰑ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ) ⰋⰔ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐ ⰓⰋⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰃⰑⰀⰎ. ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ ⰐⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰜⰋⰀⰎ-ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕ ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ & ⰂⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰅ (ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰐⰅⰀⰐ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ 1858; ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ 1859): ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ + ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ + ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰖⰜⰜⰅⰔⰔ + ⰕⰋⰏⰅ → ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (1930Ⱄ–40Ⱄ: ⰗⰋⰔⰘⰅⰓ, ⰂⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰜⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰏⰅⰐⰄⰅⰎ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰒⰑⰒⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ; ⰄⰑⰁⰈⰘⰀⰐⰔⰍⰉ/ⰏⰀⰉⰓ/ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰔⰑⰐ; ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰘⰖⰘⰎⰅⰉ 1942) ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅⰔ — ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ, ⰏⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰃⰅⰐⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰂ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰉ–ⰂⰅⰋⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ ⰐⰖⰎⰎ (Ⱂ²+2ⰒⰍ+Ⰽ²=1; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰕⰉⰒⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰔⰖⰏ ⰕⰑ 1), ⰂⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰎ Ⰰ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ. ⰐⰑⰕⰅ: "ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕ" ⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰅⰐⰜⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰒⰘⰓⰀⰔⰅ (1864), Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰑⰓ ⰔⰉⰐⰑⰐⰉⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰂⰘⰅⰎⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅ ⰑⰐ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰒⰘⰉⰎⰑⰃⰅⰐⰉ: ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎⰔ (ⰕⰋⰍⰕⰀⰀⰎⰋⰍ ~375 ⰏⰀ, ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰋⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰀⰅⰑⰒⰕⰅⰓⰉⰘ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰍⰋⰜⰅⰕⰖⰔ→ⰀⰏⰁⰖⰎⰑⰜⰅⰕⰖⰔ→ⰁⰀⰔⰋⰎⰑⰔⰀⰖⰓⰖⰔ ⰂⰘⰀⰎⰅ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰅⰔ), ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰎⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰀⰓ-ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰄⰑⰃⰅⰐⰑⰖⰔ ⰓⰅⰕⰓⰑⰂⰋⰓⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ-ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ), ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰏⰁⰓⰉⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰁⰋⰑⰕⰋⰜ/ⰒⰅⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰄⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰋⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ; ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋ’Ⱄ Ⰵ. ⰜⰑⰎⰋ ⰎⰕⰅⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰋⰕ+ ⰋⰐⰐⰑⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰕ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ~31,000, ⰐⰑⰂ >80,000 ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰔⰋⰐⰜⰅ 1988; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰐⰕⰔ’ ⰃⰀⰎáⰒⰀⰃⰑⰔ ⰗⰋⰐⰜⰘⰅⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅ: ⰍⰋⰏⰖⰓⰀ’Ⱄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ (1968 — ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ-ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰓⰋⰗⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰜⰎⰑⰜⰍ), ⰅⰂⰑ-ⰄⰅⰂⰑ (ⰘⰑⰘ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔ, ⰄⰅⰅⰒ ⰘⰑⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰍⰋⰕ), ⰒⰖⰐⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ (ⰅⰎⰄⰓⰅⰄⰃⰅ & ⰃⰑⰖⰎⰄ 1972), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰐⰋⰜⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰄⰅⰂⰅⰎⰑⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ, ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰒⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ) — Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰖⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕ/ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰃⰅⰐⰅ ⰂⰔ ⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰂⰔ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰒ) ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰜⰑⰐⰜⰅⰒⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰉⰑⰓ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ — ⰏⰀⰉⰐⰀⰓⰄ ⰔⰏⰋⰕⰘ & ⰔⰈⰀⰕⰘⰏáⰓⰉ (1995): ~8 ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰘⰑⰂ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰑⰓⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰏⰋⰕⰕⰅⰄ (ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰅⰔ → ⰜⰘⰓⰑⰏⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅⰔ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ → ⰅⰖⰍⰀⰓⰉⰑⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰔ → ⰔⰅⰘ → ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰜⰅⰎⰎⰖⰎⰀⰓⰋⰕⰉ → ⰅⰖⰔⰑⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰎⰑⰐⰋⰅⰔ → ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅ), ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰏⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰅⰓⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰅⰒⰎⰋⰜⰀⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰀⰓⰕ ⰑⰗ Ⰰ ⰎⰀⰓⰃⰅⰓ ⰂⰘⰑⰎⰅ; ⰅⰐⰄⰑⰔⰉⰏⰁⰋⰑⰔⰋⰔ (ⰏⰋⰕⰑⰜⰘⰑⰐⰄⰓⰋⰀ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰘⰎⰑⰓⰑⰒⰎⰀⰔⰕⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰅⰐⰃⰖⰎⰗⰅⰄ ⰁⰀⰜⰕⰅⰓⰋⰀ — ⰏⰀⰓⰃⰖⰎⰋⰔ, ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐⰅⰎⰎⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰔ). ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ: ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰂⰅ, ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰑⰓ ⰃⰑⰀⰎ-ⰔⰅⰅⰍⰋⰐⰃ — ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑ ⰕⰅⰎⰑⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰀⰎⰂⰀⰉⰔ ⰁⰅⰅⰐ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰁⰋⰀⰎ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰂⰑ ⰗⰀⰋⰎⰖⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ — ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ (ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ; ⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ) ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰂⰅⰎⰎ-ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ), ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ’Ⱄ ⰖⰐⰋⰗⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅ (ⰄⰑⰁⰈⰘⰀⰐⰔⰍⰉ 1973). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ / "ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ" / ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ — ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ (ⰁⰅⰘⰅ’Ⱄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰅⰎⰎⰖⰏ/ⰜⰎⰑⰕⰕⰋⰐⰃ) ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ, ⰍⰋⰕⰈⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ Ⰲ. ⰄⰑⰂⰅⰓ (2005) ⰓⰖⰎⰅⰄ ⰋⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰎⰋⰃⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, "ⰉⰖⰔⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ" ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰃⰖⰅⰔⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰕⰘⰅ 2ⰐⰄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰗⰑⰓⰁⰋⰄⰔ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ" ⰋⰃⰐⰑⰓⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰔ-ⰑⰖⰃⰘⰕ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰉ): ⰔⰑⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰅⰖⰃⰅⰐⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕ = ⰏⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ" — ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰅⰔ, ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰅ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰓⰕⰘⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ/"ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔ". ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰄⰅⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 63 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 30 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ + ⰘⰅⰓⰅⰄⰋⰕⰉ + ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰗⰑⰓⰜⰅⰔ; ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰉ–ⰂⰅⰋⰐⰁⰅⰓⰃ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎⰔ ⰋⰐⰜⰎ. ⰕⰋⰍⰕⰀⰀⰎⰋⰍ/ⰂⰘⰀⰎⰅⰔ, ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰒⰘⰉⰎⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰅⰓⰂⰔ, ⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ, ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋ ⰎⰕⰅⰅ >80,000 ⰃⰅⰐⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰐⰕⰔ’ ⰗⰋⰐⰜⰘⰅⰔ). ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ (ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ/ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰗⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ’Ⱄ ⰔⰜⰑⰒⰅ, ⰅⰂⰑ-ⰄⰅⰂⰑ’Ⱄ ⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ, ⰒⰖⰐⰜⰕⰖⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰍⰖⰋⰎⰋⰁⰓⰋⰖⰏ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰐⰋⰜⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰄⰅⰂⰅⰎⰑⰒⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ ⰒⰎⰀⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰕⰉ, ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰒⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ — Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰁⰀⰕⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰄⰋⰃⰏ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰕⰘⰓⰑⰂ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕ-ⰑⰗ-ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰃⰅⰐⰅ/ⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ/ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰒ — ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ). ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ / ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ (ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ; ⰍⰋⰕⰈⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ Ⰲ. ⰄⰑⰂⰅⰓ 2005; "ⰉⰖⰔⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ"; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ-ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ 2ⰐⰄ-ⰎⰀⰂ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰄⰅⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰋⰔⰖⰔⰅ — ⰔⰑⰜⰋⰀⰎ ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰅⰖⰃⰅⰐⰋⰜⰔ, "ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕ" ⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰔ-ⰑⰖⰃⰘⰕ ⰗⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰉ: ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰅⰔ, ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰉⰖⰔⰕⰋⰗⰉ), ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰑⰓⰕⰘⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ/"ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔ". ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ + ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ; ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅⰀⰒⰑⰐⰋⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰕ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓⰔ. "ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕ" ⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰅⰐⰜⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰒⰘⰓⰀⰔⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ’Ⱄ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ. ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅⰔ ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ → ⰎⰋⰗⰅ → ⰏⰋⰐⰄ.

ⰎⰋⰗⰅ & ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ

4/4 ✓

ⰎⰋⰗⰅ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰖⰒ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ. ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰐⰀ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰘ (ⰂⰀⰕⰔⰑⰐ–ⰜⰓⰋⰜⰍ, 1953), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰄⰑⰃⰏⰀ (ⰄⰐⰀ→ⰓⰐⰀ→ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰋⰐ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰀⰕⰘⰂⰀⰉ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ — 64 = 4³ ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ (61 ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ + 3 ⰔⰕⰑⰒ) ⰗⰑⰓ 20 ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ, ⰄⰅⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ, ⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ (ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ). ⰀⰎⰎ ⰍⰐⰑⰂⰐ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰓⰉ, ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰎⰀⰔⰕ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔⰕⰑⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰁⰅⰅⰐ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ. ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ–ⰂⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰅ, 1858; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ; ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ) ⰋⰔ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰁ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ; ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

• ✓ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ — ⰄⰐⰀ (ⰂⰀⰕⰔⰑⰐ–ⰜⰓⰋⰜⰍ 1953, ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ ⰘⰅⰎⰋⰘ, Ⰰ=Ⱅ / Ⰳ≡Ⱌ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰄⰑⰃⰏⰀ (ⰄⰐⰀ→ⰓⰐⰀ→ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰋⰐ; ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ (64 = 4³ ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ = 61 ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅ + 3 ⰔⰕⰑⰒ → 20 ⰀⰏⰋⰐⰑ ⰀⰜⰋⰄⰔ, ⰄⰅⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ, ⰏⰅⰕ/ⰕⰓⰒ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ
• ✓ⰀⰎⰎ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔⰕⰓⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅⰓⰉ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰎⰖⰜⰀ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰁⰀⰎⰄ 2010, ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰅⰓⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰄⰀⰓⰂⰋⰐ–ⰂⰀⰎⰎⰀⰜⰅ 1858; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰜⰑⰐⰄⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ (ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰀⰓⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ, ⰀⰄⰂⰀⰐⰕⰀⰃⰅⰑⰖⰔ ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰕⰔ ⰓⰋⰔⰅ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰗⰋⰔⰘⰅⰓ/ⰂⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ/ⰘⰀⰎⰄⰀⰐⰅ/ⰄⰑⰁⰈⰘⰀⰐⰔⰍⰉ/ⰏⰀⰉⰓ) + ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ (ⰍⰋⰏⰖⰓⰀ 1968). ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ: ⰕⰋⰍⰕⰀⰀⰎⰋⰍ (Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰗⰑⰔⰔⰋⰎ), ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔ (ⰓⰘⰀⰃⰑⰎⰅⰕⰋⰔ, ⰒⰑⰄⰀⰓⰜⰋⰔ ⰔⰋⰜⰖⰎⰀ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰃⰀ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ, ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋ’Ⱄ ⰎⰕⰅⰅ (ⰜⰋⰕ+ ⰀⰕ ~31,500 ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ (ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ) — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ (ⰓⰐⰀ-ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ / ⰘⰉⰄⰓⰑⰕⰘⰅⰓⰏⰀⰎ-ⰂⰅⰐⰕ / ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ — ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ, ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ & ⰉⰑⰖⰐⰃ-ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰎⰄ, ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅⰄ), ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ (ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ; ⰍⰋⰕⰈⰏⰋⰎⰎⰅⰓ Ⰲ. ⰄⰑⰂⰅⰓ 2005), ⰂⰋⰕⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ (ⰀⰁⰀⰐⰄⰑⰐⰅⰄ), "ⰄⰐⰀ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ/ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰐⰕⰅⰐⰐⰀ" / "528 ⰘⰈ ⰓⰅⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ ⰄⰐⰀ". ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ: ⰅⰒⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰏⰀⰓⰜⰍⰋⰔⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰐⰜⰁⰋ/ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ/ⰒⰐⰀⰔ/ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ (ⰄⰐⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰄⰑⰃⰏⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ 64-ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰈⰉⰏⰅ ⰓⰋⰁⰑⰔⰑⰏⰅ), ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰅⰐⰕ (ⰎⰖⰜⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰁⰀⰎⰄ 2010), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰕⰋⰍⰕⰀⰀⰎⰋⰍ’Ⱄ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ-ⰕⰘⰅⰐ-ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ, ⰓⰘⰀⰃⰑⰎⰅⰕⰋⰔ/ⰒⰑⰄⰀⰓⰜⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰃⰀ-ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ, ⰎⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋ’Ⱄ ⰜⰋⰕ+). ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰐⰑⰕⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ⰜⰀⰕⰜⰘⰅⰔ: 64 ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ = 4³ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ (ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ 4³ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰖⰎⰋ ⰁⰀⰔⰋⰔ — Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰔⰒⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ. ⰍⰅⰉ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ: ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰎⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰜⰓⰋⰜⰍ’Ⱄ ⰄⰑⰃⰏⰀ (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰑⰐ ⰏⰋⰔⰜⰑⰐⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ); ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰗⰅⰓⰓⰅⰄ. ⰕⰂⰑ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ (ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰓⰐⰀ-ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄ / ⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ / ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰔⰏ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ) ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ; ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ, ⰉⰑⰖⰐⰃ-ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰋⰓⰓⰅⰄⰖⰜⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ (ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰐⰀ-ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ/528-ⰘⰈ ⰂⰑⰑ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰅⰒⰋⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰏⰀⰓⰜⰍⰋⰔⰏ.

ⰏⰋⰐⰄ & ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

4/4 ✓

ⰏⰋⰐⰄ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰖⰒ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰒⰓⰑⰜⰅⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐ: ~86 ⰁⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ~10¹⁴ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ, ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰑⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ (ⰘⰑⰄⰃⰍⰋⰐ–ⰘⰖⰘⰎⰅⰉ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1963), ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰕⰋⰜ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ, ⰎⰑⰐⰃ-ⰕⰅⰓⰏ ⰒⰑⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ/ⰃⰓⰋⰄ-ⰜⰅⰎⰎ ⰔⰒⰀⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰒ (ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2014), ⰐⰑⰂ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰀⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅ-ⰁⰉ-ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅ (Ⱌ. ⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰐⰔ → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰉ → Ⰰ ⰜⰖⰁⰋⰜ ⰏⰋⰎⰎⰋⰏⰅⰕⰓⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰜⰑⰓⰕⰅⰘ). ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ: ⰃⰎⰑⰁⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰋⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ — 10% ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ, ⰎⰅⰗⰕ/ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ, ⰎⰅⰀⰓⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰔ, ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ — ⰀⰓⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ-ⰀⰔ-ⰕⰑⰓⰖⰔ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰒⰓⰑⰜⰅⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰓⰃⰀⰐ — ~86 ⰁⰋⰎⰎⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰔ, ~10¹⁴ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰑⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ (ⰘⰑⰄⰃⰍⰋⰐ–ⰘⰖⰘⰎⰅⰉ 1952, ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰜⰑⰖⰒⰎⰅⰄ ⰑⰄⰅⰔ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 1963), ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ (ⰜⰀ²⁺-ⰕⰓⰋⰃⰃⰅⰓⰅⰄ ⰔⰐⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰑⰜⰉⰕⰑⰔⰋⰔ), ⰎⰕⰒ (ⰁⰎⰋⰔⰔ–ⰎøⰏⰑ 1973 — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ, ⰐⰏⰄⰀ ⰜⰑⰋⰐⰜⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ + ⰃⰓⰋⰄ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰃⰒⰔ, ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ 2014); ⰜⰑⰐⰐⰅⰜⰕⰑⰏⰋⰜⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⱌ. ⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰐⰔ (302) → ⰗⰎⰉⰂⰋⰓⰅ ⰗⰎⰉ (139Ⰽ) → ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ Ⱈ01 ⰏⰏ³ (~150Ⰿ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ)
• ✓ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ — ⰃⰎⰑⰁⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰋⰐⰗⰎⰖⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰔ; ⰋⰋⰕ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰀⰎⰎⰅⰄ "ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ" ⰋⰐ Ⰰ 2023 ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰐⰔⰖⰔ — ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ / ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰒ (ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ → ⰔⰖⰁⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ) ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰋⰐⰄ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ — ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ (ⰒⰅⰐⰓⰑⰔⰅ–ⰘⰀⰏⰅⰓⰑⰗⰗ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰕⰖⰁⰖⰎⰅⰔ) ⰋⰔ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰓⰋⰐⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰓⰀⰎ ⰎⰑⰐⰃ-ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰔⰔⰖⰏⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰀⰄⰋⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰜⰀⰎⰜⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ (ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰑⰑ)
• ✓ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ (ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ) — "ⰂⰅ ⰖⰔⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ 10% ⰑⰗ ⰑⰖⰓ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ", ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕ ⰎⰅⰗⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ/ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ, ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰄ "ⰎⰅⰀⰓⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰔ", ⰏⰑⰔⰕ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ-ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰗⰅⰓ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ". ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰐⰑⰕⰅ: ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ-ⰀⰔ-ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ-ⰕⰑⰓⰖⰔ / ⰘⰑⰒⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ–ⰜⰀ3 ⰓⰅⰜⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ/ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰅⰐⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ), ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ/ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰐⰑⰁⰅⰎ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰎⰎ-ⰀⰐⰄ-ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰘⰑⰄⰃⰍⰋⰐ–ⰘⰖⰘⰎⰅⰉ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰒⰑⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ, ⰔⰐⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰉⰐⰀⰒⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰎⰅⰀⰔⰅ, ⰁⰎⰋⰔⰔ–ⰎøⰏⰑ ⰎⰕⰒ, Ⱁ’ⰍⰅⰅⰗⰅ/ⰏⰑⰔⰅⰓ ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ & ⰃⰓⰋⰄ ⰜⰅⰎⰎⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ Ⱌ. ⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰐⰔ/ⰗⰎⰉⰂⰋⰓⰅ/Ⱈ01 ⰜⰑⰐⰐⰅⰜⰕⰑⰏⰅⰔ, ~86Ⰵ9 ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰔ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋ-ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰎⰑⰁⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ (ⰋⰐ ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰁⰑⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ 2023 ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰁⰓⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰋⰕ "ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ" ⰂⰀⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰅⰐⰔⰖⰔ, ⰔⰑ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ / ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰒ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕ; ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ (ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰁⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰔ), ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ 10%-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ, ⰎⰅⰗⰕ/ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ, ⰎⰅⰀⰓⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅⰔ, ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ-ⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰗⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ. ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ-ⰀⰔ-ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ-ⰕⰑⰓⰖⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰒⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ–ⰜⰀ3 ⰓⰅⰜⰀⰎⰎ ⰀⰓⰅ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰁⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ/ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰑⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰅⰐⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰘⰑⰎⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰑⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ), ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ

5/5 ✓

ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰀⰒⰔⰕⰑⰐⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ "ⰂⰅ ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰘⰑⰂ." ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ (ⰘⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰓⰋⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ, ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ — ⰂⰘⰉ ⰀⰐⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰐⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰐⰅⰓ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰋⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰅⰎⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ ⰁⰅⰕⰂⰅⰅⰐ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰄⰖⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰕ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰁⰅ: ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰔ (ⰃⰎⰑⰁⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ, ⰋⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰕ) ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰅⰎⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰜⰀⰕⰜⰘ ⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰕ ⰀⰂⰀⰓⰅⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰒⰑⰐⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰋⰅⰐⰕⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰋⰕ-ⰂⰔ-ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰅ-ⰑⰗⰗ, ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ, ⰀⰐⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰅ ⰏⰋⰐⰄⰔ — ⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ. ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰑⰓⰂⰀⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰂⰑⰑ: ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ", ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰅⰐ-ⰒⰅⰓⰜⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ 432-ⰘⰈ ⰀⰂⰀⰍⰅⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰓⰅ. ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰜ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰔ — ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰋⰐⰄ — ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰔⰕ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰎⰅⰗⰕ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ, ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅⰎⰉ — ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰏⰅⰓⰔ (1995) ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ (ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ: ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰓⰋⰏⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰓⰅⰒⰑⰓⰕⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ, ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰃⰐⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ) ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰑⰐⰅ ("ⰂⰘⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰜⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰐⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ?"); ⰐⰀⰃⰅⰎ’Ⱄ "ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕ ⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰁⰅ Ⰰ ⰁⰀⰕ?" (1974) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰂⰋⰐⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰒ (1983) ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅ ⰋⰕ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔ — ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰄⰖⰀⰎⰋⰔⰏ, ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰗⰓⰀⰐⰍⰋⰔⰘ/ⰄⰅⰐⰐⰅⰕⰕ: ⰍⰖⰀⰎⰋⰀ ⰀⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰑⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰋⰎⰎⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ), ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰅⰓⰋⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰏⰜⰃⰋⰐⰐ: ⰜⰑⰃⰐⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ) — ⰀⰎⰎ ⰓⰅⰏⰀⰋⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ. ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑ-ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ — ⰃⰎⰑⰁⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰔⰒⰀⰜⰅ (ⰁⰀⰀⰓⰔ 1988; ⰄⰅⰘⰀⰅⰐⰅ: ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰑ-ⰒⰀⰓⰋⰅⰕⰀⰎ "ⰋⰃⰐⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰓⰑⰀⰄⰜⰀⰔⰕ), ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ (ⰕⰑⰐⰑⰐⰋ: ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ = ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰃⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ Φ, ⰋⰐⰕⰓⰋⰐⰔⰋⰜ), ⰘⰋⰃⰘⰅⰓ-ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰔ, ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰜⰅⰔⰔⰋⰐⰃ (ⰎⰀⰏⰏⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰀ (ⰃⰓⰀⰈⰋⰀⰐⰑ) — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰒⰓⰅⰄⰋⰜⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰒⰕⰅⰏⰁⰅⰓ 2023 ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰁⰓⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰋⰕ "ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ" ⰋⰔ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰜⰅ (ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ), ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰂⰅⰓⰄⰋⰜⰕ — ⰋⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰏⰒⰋⰓⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰀⰁⰎⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰜⰜ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ (ⰜⰓⰋⰜⰍ & ⰍⰑⰜⰘ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰋⰐⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏⰔ ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰔⰖⰗⰗⰋⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰒⰅⰓⰜⰅⰒⰕ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰔⰔ/ⰓⰅⰕⰖⰓⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰀⰅⰔⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰀ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰎⰅⰅⰒ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ (ⰕⰏⰔ-ⰅⰅⰃ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ + ⰎⰅⰏⰒⰅⰎ–ⰈⰋⰂ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰋⰄⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰜⰋ* ≈ 0.31 ⰜⰖⰕⰑⰗⰗ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ), ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ, ⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰔⰋⰃⰘⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ (ⰑⰂⰅⰐ 2006: Ⰰ "ⰂⰅⰃⰅⰕⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ" ⰒⰀⰕⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰑⰎⰎⰑⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰅⰐⰐⰋⰔ-ⰋⰏⰀⰃⰅⰓⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰀⰐⰄⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰗⰏⰓⰋ). ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ/ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ; ⰐⰑ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰗⰋⰐⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰉ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰓ ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰀⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰃⰀⰒ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰐⰕⰋⰅⰓ — ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰋⰕ-ⰂⰔ-ⰃⰐⰂⰕ ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰁⰑⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰃⰋⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰑⰓⰕⰋⰖⰏ; ⰕⰘⰅ 2025 ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕⰔ ⰗⰋⰕ ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐⰎⰉ), ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ (ⰃⰑⰗⰗ/ⰓⰖⰔⰔⰅⰎⰎⰋⰀⰐ ⰏⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ — ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰗⰖⰐⰄⰀⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ/ⰖⰁⰋⰍⰖⰋⰕⰑⰖⰔ, Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ), ⰀⰐⰋⰏⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ 2024 ⰐⰅⰂ ⰉⰑⰓⰍ ⰄⰅⰜⰎⰀⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰋ/ⰎⰎⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰄⰋⰜⰀⰕⰑⰓ-ⰒⰓⰑⰒⰅⰓⰕⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰓⰑⰀⰜⰘ, ⰁⰖⰕⰎⰋⰐ & ⰎⰑⰐⰃ 2023 — ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰎⰎⰏⰔ ⰉⰖⰄⰃⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ). ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ, ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰂⰑⰑ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰀⰈⰑⰓ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰕⰋⰅⰓⰔ) — ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰜⰜⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰜⰋ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰋⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰋⰋⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰐⰂⰕ (ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ), ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ (ⰒⰅⰐⰓⰑⰔⰅ–ⰘⰀⰏⰅⰓⰑⰗⰗ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰕⰖⰁⰖⰎⰅⰔ — Ⰰ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ, ⰏⰖⰜⰘ-ⰜⰓⰋⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰐⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰕⰅⰃⰏⰀⰓⰍ, ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ (ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ / ⰂⰑⰑ: ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰋⰜ "ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ" / "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰏⰋⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰗⰖⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔ / ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ" (ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ-ⰔⰕⰉⰎⰅ), ⰕⰘⰅ 10%-ⰑⰗ-ⰕⰘⰅ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰋⰃⰋⰄ ⰎⰅⰗⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ/ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "432 ⰘⰈ ⰓⰀⰋⰔⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ / ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰔ ⰄⰐⰀ". ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰁⰅⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰜⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰂⰑⰑ — ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ, ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ) ≠ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰋⰔⰏ, ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ)

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ, 59 ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ / 35 ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰀⰂⰋⰅⰔⰕ ⰉⰅⰕ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰔⰉ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰜⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰜⰜ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰓⰕⰖⰓⰁⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰘⰋⰕⰉ ⰋⰐⰄⰅⰘ (ⰒⰜⰋ* ≈ 0.31, ⰕⰏⰔ-ⰅⰅⰃ + ⰎⰅⰏⰒⰅⰎ–ⰈⰋⰂ; ⰜⰀⰔⰀⰎⰋ 2013/ⰜⰀⰔⰀⰓⰑⰕⰕⰑ 2016) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ ⰜⰎⰋⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰂⰅⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰋⰅⰔ (ⰃⰐⰂⰕ, ⰋⰋⰕ, ⰘⰑⰕ, ⰓⰒⰕ, ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰐⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰀ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ (ⰜⰘⰀⰎⰏⰅⰓⰔ 1995; ⰐⰀⰃⰅⰎ 1974; ⰎⰅⰂⰋⰐⰅ 1983) ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰗⰋⰓⰏⰅⰄ (≠ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ): ⰋⰋⰕ/ⰃⰐⰂⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ (ⰐⰑⰐⰅ ⰋⰔ — ⰜⰑⰃⰋⰕⰀⰕⰅ 2025 ⰗⰋⰕ ⰐⰅⰋⰕⰘⰅⰓ), ⰑⰓⰜⰘ-ⰑⰓ (ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰜⰅ/ⰕⰅⰃⰏⰀⰓⰍ), ⰒⰀⰐⰒⰔⰉⰜⰘⰋⰔⰏ (ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰎⰏ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ (ⰜⰖⰓⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰉⰖⰄⰃⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ). ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ’Ⱄ ⰔⰑⰎⰂⰀⰁⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰀⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ 2023 "ⰋⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ" ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰅⰓⰄⰋⰜⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ). ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ-ⰏⰋⰐⰄ / ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ-ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰀⰒⰔⰅ-ⰁⰉ-ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ, ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ-ⰏⰋⰐⰄ / "ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ" (ⰜⰘⰑⰒⰓⰀ), ⰕⰘⰅ 10%-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰗⰕ/ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕ-ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰐⰅⰖⰓⰑⰏⰉⰕⰘⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ "432 ⰘⰈ ⰓⰀⰋⰔⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ". ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰐⰑ ⰏⰅⰀⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰋⰗⰋⰅⰔ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰁⰔⰑⰎⰖⰕⰅⰎⰉ, ⰐⰑ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰋⰔⰘⰅⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰎⰅⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰜⰅⰐⰔⰅ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰂⰑⰑ. ⰜⰀⰒⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰏⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ-ⰖⰒ ⰀⰓⰜ (ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ → ⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰕⰓⰉ → ⰀⰁⰋⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ → ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ → ⰎⰋⰗⰅ → ⰏⰋⰐⰄ).

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ — ⰁⰀⰔⰅ-4 ⰋⰐ ⰕⰓⰋⰒⰎⰅⰕⰔ, 4³ = 64 = 2⁶ ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰖⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰑⰓⰖⰔ (ⰁⰉ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰏⰋⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ). ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ Ⰰ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ / ⰎⰀⰂ ⰑⰗ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ "ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ": "ⰀⰎⰎ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰀⰔⰅⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰘ" ⰋⰔ ⰗⰀⰎⰔⰅ — ⰏⰑⰄⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰎⰅⰜⰖⰎⰀⰓ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ φ/ⰂⰑⰓⰕⰅⰘ/432/"Ⰻ-ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ-ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ-ⰄⰐⰀ"/ⰂⰀⰂⰅ-ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰄⰅⰗⰅⰐⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰕⰓⰑⰐⰃⰅⰓ: ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰐⰀⰕⰖⰓⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰀⰕⰅⰐⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰖⰁⰉⰅⰜⰕ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ.

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ'Ⱄ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ, ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰉ ≠ ⰕⰓⰖⰕⰘ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰔ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ (64 = 4³ = 2⁶, ⰁⰀⰔⰅ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰋⰐⰃ), ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ/φ/ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ/ⰂⰀⰂⰅ-ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ 64↔64 Ⰻ-ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰔⰒⰑⰐⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ-ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰍⰐⰅⰂ ⰄⰐⰀ ⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰋⰔ "ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ". ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰂⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰂⰘⰋⰎⰅ ⰃⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ §101 ⰒⰀⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕ.

ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ

4/4 ✓

ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰂⰀⰃⰅⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰀⰓⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ: 64 = 2⁶ = 4³ = 8² — ⰔⰋⰘ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰉⰋⰐ/ⰉⰀⰐⰃ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ, ⰅⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰕⰓⰋⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰅⰄ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ 64 ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ 6-ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰖⰁⰅ — ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰅⰐ ⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ’Ⱄ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰀⰁⰎⰅ 32-ⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ. ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰅ, Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰖⰔⰅⰔ (64 = 4³). ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ 1987 ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰑⰗ ⰓⰀ ⰖⰓⰖ ⰘⰖ, ⰏⰀⰒⰔ ⰕⰘⰑⰔⰅ 64 ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰁⰑⰄⰉⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ ⰑⰗ ⰃⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰕ ⰁⰋⰓⰕⰘ — ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰀⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏ↔ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ-ⰏⰀⰕⰜⰘ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ. ⰗⰖⰔⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ; ⰗⰎⰀⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ. ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ 64-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ ⰀⰜⰕⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰒⰅⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰔⰖⰎⰕ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ 64 ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰎⰂⰀⰃⰅⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ) — 2⁶ = 4³ = 8² = 64 (ⰔⰋⰘ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ; 8 ⰕⰓⰋⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ × 8), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ 64 ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰃⰁ/6-ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰖⰁⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰅⰐ ⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ’Ⱄ 32 ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ (28 ⰓⰑⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ + 4 ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰑⰐ) ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ
• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ, ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰂⰅⰔⰕⰅⰓⰐ ⰈⰘⰑⰖ ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰅⰘⰕ (~ⰎⰀⰕⰅ 9ⰕⰘ Ⱌ. ⰁⰜ, ⰔⰘⰀⰖⰃⰘⰐⰅⰔⰔⰉ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰋⰁⰐⰋⰈ ⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ 0/1 ⰋⰐ 1703; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰘⰋ / ⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰅⰐ ⰀⰖⰕⰘⰑⰓⰔⰘⰋⰒ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰎⰅⰃⰀⰐⰕ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰅⰂⰀⰎ (ⰔⰘⰀⰑ ⰉⰑⰐⰃ, 11ⰕⰘ Ⱌ. ⰀⰄ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ
• ✓ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ 1987 ⰐⰅⰂ ⰀⰃⰅ ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ — ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ — ⰓⰀ ⰖⰓⰖ ⰘⰖ ⰏⰀⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ 64 ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ 64 ⰁⰑⰄⰉⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ "ⰃⰀⰕⰅⰔ" + ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ + ⰍⰀⰁⰁⰀⰎⰀⰘ + ⰜⰘⰀⰍⰓⰀⰔ; ⰋⰕⰔ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ-ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ (ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑⰔ ⰁⰀⰓⰅⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰕ — ⰐⰑ ⰏⰅⰜⰘⰀⰐⰋⰔⰏ, ⰖⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ: ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰎⰀⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ, ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰰ432/ⰔⰜⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ "ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏⰔ = ⰄⰐⰀ ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏ ⰀⰕ ⰄⰋⰗⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰔⰜⰀⰎⰅⰔ" (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰋⰐⰜⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ; ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ — ⰁⰑⰓⰓⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ: ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ 64-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ / 6-ⰁⰋⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰜⰘⰅⰏⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ 64 = 4³), ⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ; ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ "ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ" ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰄⰉⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘ/ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ/ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰒⰀⰓⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰋⰕ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰂⰋⰍⰋⰒⰅⰄⰋⰀ/ⰉⰑⰂⰋⰀⰐ-ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰂⰅ/ⰔⰜⰘⰑⰎⰀⰓⰔⰘⰋⰒ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ’Ⱄ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰔ (2⁶ = 4³ = 8² = 64, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰀⰃⰖⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰅⰐ 28+4=32 ⰒⰀⰋⰓⰔ), ⰋⰕⰔ ⰂⰅⰔⰕⰅⰓⰐ-ⰈⰘⰑⰖ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰎⰅⰋⰁⰐⰋⰈ’Ⱄ 1703 ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ; ⰕⰘⰅ 64-ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐ ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰎⰎⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰋⰐⰜⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰜⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰜⰀⰖⰔⰀⰎ/ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰅⰓⰋⰂⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰘⰋ/ⰍⰋⰐⰃ-ⰂⰅⰐ ⰀⰖⰕⰘⰑⰓⰔⰘⰋⰒ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ (ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰅⰂⰀⰎ) ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰕⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰍⰖⰋⰕⰉ. ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ: ⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ’Ⱄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ-ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕⰋⰐⰃ (ⰋⰕ ⰁⰑⰓⰓⰑⰂⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰅⰖⰕⰓⰋⰐⰑ ⰒⰘⰉⰔⰋⰜⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰎⰀⰖⰐⰄⰅⰓ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰗⰀⰎⰔⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰋⰓⰕⰘ-ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ Ⰰ432/ⰔⰜⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰘⰀⰃⰓⰀⰏ=ⰜⰑⰄⰑⰐ ⰁⰋⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰘⰀⰍⰓⰀ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ/ⰀⰖⰕⰘⰑⰓⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰄⰋⰂⰋⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰒⰘⰋⰎⰑⰔⰑⰒⰘⰉ-ⰐⰑⰕ-ⰔⰅⰕⰕⰎⰅⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ 64-ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ / 6-ⰁⰋⰕ ⰕⰑⰒⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ (ⰂⰘⰋⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰕ "ⰔⰋⰃⰐⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰐⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰏⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰎⰎⰋⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰀⰐ ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ, ⰔⰖⰓⰗⰀⰜⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰔⰖⰜⰘ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕⰅⰄ.

ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ, ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ & ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰔⰀ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ (ⰕⰑⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰋⰐ ⰋⰕ — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ (Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰔⰒⰅⰎⰎ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ (ⰀⰈⰟ ⰁⰖⰍⰉ ⰂěⰄě = "Ⰻ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ"), ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ (1-9/10-90/100-900/1000 ⰋⰐ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ, žⰋⰂěⰕⰅ = 7 ⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ Ⰶ ⰘⰀⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰕⰅⰘⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ.

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ-ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ: 28 ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ-ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰓⰖⰎⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃⰖⰋⰔⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰋⰐⰃ. ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰅⰜⰋⰔⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰻ-ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰖⰎⰎ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰜⰋⰎⰅ ⰂⰘⰅⰐ ⰋⰕ ⰎⰀⰐⰄⰔ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰜⰀⰎ-ⰕⰑⰑⰎ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰐⰑ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰔⰅⰓⰂⰋⰜⰅ.

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ

8/8 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ-ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰑⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰑⰎⰄ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ ⰔⰎⰀⰂⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰐⰋⰐⰅ (ⰀⰈⰟ–ⰈⰅⰏⰎⰉⰀ) ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ-ⰒⰅⰓⰔⰑⰐ ⰜⰎⰀⰖⰔⰅ — "Ⰻ, ⰂⰘⰑ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ, ⰔⰀⰉ: ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰃⰑⰑⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰎⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰁⰖⰐⰄⰀⰐⰕⰎⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰀⰓⰕⰘ." ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰃⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ (ⰀⰈⰟ+ⰁⰖⰍⰉ = ⰀⰈⰁⰖⰍⰀ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏⰅⰔ — ⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰜⰉ ("Ⰻ ⰍⰐⰑⰂ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ"), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰑⰑⰄ, ⰎⰋⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰋⰃⰘⰕⰎⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ/ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰜⰘ, ⰕⰅⰀⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰑⰒⰎⰅ — ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰔⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ. ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰐⰑⰂ ⰀⰐⰜⰘⰑⰓⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ→ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ→ⰁⰋⰕⰔ→ⰑⰒⰜⰑⰄⰅ→ⰃⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰀⰒⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰓⰁⰋⰕⰓⰀⰓⰉ ⰏⰑⰄ-ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ.

• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ 28 ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰜⰖⰓⰅⰎⰉ-ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰔⰒⰀⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰐⰋⰐⰅ (ⰀⰈⰟ–ⰈⰅⰏⰎⰉⰀ), ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰀⰐ ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰑⰜⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰎⰑⰀⰐ-ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅⰏⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰎⰉ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰋⰂⰅⰐ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰃⰎⰑⰔⰔⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰁⰋⰐⰄⰔ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ — ⰀⰈⰟ = "Ⰻ" = 1, ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰑ = "ⰂⰑⰓⰄ" = 200
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰜⰘⰑⰓⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ→ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ→ⰁⰋⰕⰔ/ⰑⰒⰜⰑⰄⰅ/ⰃⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰀⰒⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ-ⰒⰑⰅⰏ, ⰄⰅⰔⰋⰃⰐ, ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰒⰘⰅⰓⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ, ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ, ⰕⰘⰅⰏⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰅⰄ — ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ Ⰰ 28-ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ→ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ (57 ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕⰔ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ Ⰰ ⰄⰖⰀⰎ ⰏⰋⰐⰄ). ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰖⰐⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰑⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰏⰑⰖⰔ ⰏⰋⰄⰄⰎⰅ ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰄⰔ (ⰍⰀⰍⰑ-ⰎⰉⰖⰄⰋⰉⰅ-ⰏⰉⰔⰎⰋⰕⰅ "ⰘⰑⰂ ⰄⰑ ⰒⰅⰑⰒⰎⰅ ⰕⰘⰋⰐⰍ", ⰐⰀšⰠ-ⰑⰐⰟ-ⰒⰑⰍⰑⰉⰠ "ⰘⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰖⰓ ⰒⰅⰀⰜⰅ", ⰓⰠⰜⰋ-ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰑ-ⰕⰂⰓⰠⰄⰑ "ⰔⰒⰅⰀⰍ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰗⰋⰓⰏⰎⰉ") ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰂⰋⰄⰅⰎⰉ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰂⰅⰎⰉ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰅⰜⰅⰄⰀⰓⰋⰀ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰋⰔ, ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰑⰎⰀⰓⰔⰘⰋⰒ'Ⱄ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ, "ⰋⰐⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰑⰏⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰓⰀⰄⰋⰜⰕⰑⰓⰉ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅ-ⰔⰅⰃⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ, ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅⰓⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑ ⰔⰋⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰄ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ 9ⰕⰘ-Ⱌ. ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ, ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ'Ⱄ ⰀⰈⰁⰖčⰐⰀ ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ (Ⱌ. 893), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰖⰔⰕ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰁⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰎⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ-ⰜⰘⰀⰋⰐ. ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ — ǵⰅⰓⰂⰠ, ⰗⰓⰠⰕⰟ, ⰘěⰓⰟ, ⰜⰋ, šⰀ — ⰀⰓⰅ ⰑⰒⰀⰍⰖⰅ ⰎⰀⰁⰅⰎⰔ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰎⰑⰀⰐ-ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰅⰏⰅⰔ (/ǵ Ⱇ Ⱈ ⰕⰔ š/) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰐⰑ ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰒⰖⰔ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅⰏ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰑⰓⰄⰔ ⰓⰀⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕ ⰃⰎⰑⰔⰔⰅⰔ (šⰀ ≠ "ⰔⰋⰎⰅⰐⰜⰅ", ⰜⰋ ≠ "ⰂⰑⰓⰏ/ⰓⰅⰄ", ⰘěⰓⰟ ≠ "ⰜⰘⰓⰋⰔⰕ"). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ/ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰎⰅ/ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰔⰜⰘⰅⰓⰐⰑⰜⰘⰂⰑⰔⰕⰑⰗⰗ'Ⱄ (1955) ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰏⰋⰔⰀⰕⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰉⰀⰃⰋć, ⰂⰘⰑ ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰅⰄ Ⰰ ⰃⰓⰅⰅⰍ-ⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ); ⰏⰉⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅ-ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ "ⰔⰎⰀⰂⰋⰜ/ⰕⰘⰓⰀⰜⰋⰀⰐ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ" ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰒⰘⰅⰓⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰜⰎⰖⰄⰅⰄ. ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ (ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ) ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎⰔ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ (ⰜⰋ=900, čⰓⰠⰂⰠ=1000, šⰀ≈2000; ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ >999 ⰖⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕⰀⰋⰐ) — Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰒⰔ' ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰜⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄⰅⰄ. ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰏⰀⰒⰔⰕⰑⰜⰑⰄⰅⰀⰐⰄⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ.

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰔ ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ (ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ)

9/9 ✓

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ, ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰄ (ⰄⰅⰅⰒ-ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, 103 ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕⰔ, ~5Ⰿ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐⰔ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰘⰑⰎⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰒⰀⰎⰅⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ — ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰋⰐⰕⰘ-ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰖⰓⰉ ⰎⰋⰕⰖⰓⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ. ⰂⰘⰀⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰀⰓⰓⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ: (1) ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰎⰔⰑ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ, ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ-ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ (ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰔ / ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰕⰅⰐⰔ / ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰘⰖⰐⰄⰓⰅⰄⰔ, ⰐⰑ ⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ-ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅ, ⰐⰑ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰎⰖⰅⰔ ⰗⰋⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ 21 ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ; (2) ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰋⰐⰃ "ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰒⰑⰅⰏ, ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ'Ⱄ ⰀⰈⰁⰖčⰐⰀ ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ (Ⱌ. 893), ⰋⰕⰔ ⰀⰜⰓⰑⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ ⰁⰑⰓⰓⰑⰂⰅⰄ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰁⰉⰈⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰃⰓⰅⰅⰍ ⰘⰉⰏⰐⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰉ — ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰅⰜⰅⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰒⰅⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ/ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰎⰅ/ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ "ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰏⰏⰀⰓ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ-ⰁⰖⰕ-ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰕⰔⰜⰘⰅⰓⰐⰑⰜⰘⰂⰑⰔⰕⰑⰗⰗ), ⰀⰁⰔⰅⰐⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰋⰅⰔⰅⰐ 2014); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰎⰉ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ (ⰖⰔⰒⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋⰉ'Ⱄ "ⰍⰖⰅⰔⰕⰋⰑ ⰄⰋⰀⰁⰑⰎⰋⰜⰀ"), ⰃⰓⰅⰅⰍ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰀⰐ ⰀⰓⰏⰅⰐⰋⰀⰐ ⰔⰋⰁⰎⰋⰐⰃ, ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰄⰀⰒⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰎⰉ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ.

• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ = ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ: 28 ⰃⰎⰉⰒⰘⰔ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰀⰎⰔⰑ Ⰰ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ-ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ, ⰐⰑ ⰈⰅⰓⰑ (ⰀⰈⰟ = 1, ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰑ = 200)
• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ ⰗⰋⰘⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ 21 ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ (ⰖⰐⰋⰕⰔ + ⰕⰅⰐⰔ + ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰘⰖⰐⰄⰓⰅⰄⰔ, ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ)
• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ-ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰋⰐⰃ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰈⰁⰖčⰐⰀ ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ (ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ, Ⱌ. 893), ⰁⰉⰈⰀⰐⰕⰋⰐⰅ-ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰅⰜⰅⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰔⰒⰅⰎⰎⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰐⰕⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰒⰖⰔ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰏⰀⰓⰍⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ-ⰜⰘⰀⰋⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ/ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰎⰅ/ⰕⰓⰋⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰃⰓⰀⰏⰏⰀⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰖⰐⰓⰅⰔⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰅⰅⰓ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ ⰂⰅⰐⰖⰅⰔ, ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕⰅⰄ
• ✓ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰋⰐⰃ — ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰒⰔ (ⰐⰑⰐ-ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ, ⰏⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰘⰕ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰐⰄⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ, ⰐⰑ-ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰔⰕ-ⰋⰐ-ⰀⰄⰂⰀⰐⰜⰅ) ⰁⰓⰅⰀⰍ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰅⰀⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ
• ✓ⰂⰅⰓⰄⰋⰜⰕ — "ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ" ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰎⰉ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ
• ✓ⰋⰕⰔⰅⰎⰗ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ→ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ — ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ, ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ, ⰃⰀⰒ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅⰔ ⰑⰗ "ⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅ ⰕⰀⰘⰑⰐⰑⰏⰉ" (ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰔⰋⰏⰋⰎⰀⰓ, ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰓⰅⰗⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕⰋⰀⰎ, ⰘⰋⰅⰓⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰂⰅ, ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰗⰉⰋⰐⰃ) ⰄⰑ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰀⰒⰒⰎⰉ, ⰓⰅⰗⰖⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰃⰀⰒⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰓⰋⰃⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰅ (ⰀⰎⰎ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰒⰑⰔⰕⰄⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ 885 ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ; ⰅⰀⰓⰎⰋⰅⰔⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰋⰅⰂ ⰏⰋⰔⰔⰀⰎ, ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰘⰀⰎⰗ 10ⰕⰘ Ⱌ.), ⰔⰑ ⰀⰐⰉ "ⰒⰓⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰅ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰁⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰓⰄⰅⰓ" ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰁⰅⰜⰅⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰁⰅⰘⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰏⰋⰕⰕⰅⰄ, ⰏⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰕⰅⰘⰕ (ⰔⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ~25-ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ, ⰏⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ 26–36); ⰋⰕⰔ ⰄⰋⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰂⰑⰎⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ (ČⰖⰐčⰋć ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰔⰅⰔ ⰉⰀⰃⰋć); ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰐⰂⰅⰐⰕⰑⰓⰉ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰐⰄⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ (ⰕⰂⰑ [š], Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰜⰑⰐⰄ Ⱈ, Ⰰ ⰕⰘⰋⰓⰄ Ⰻ); ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰋⰅⰔⰅⰐ ⰓⰅⰉⰅⰜⰕⰔ "Ⰰ ⰔⰍⰋⰎⰎⰅⰄ ⰒⰘⰑⰐⰑⰎⰑⰃⰋⰔⰕ ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰖⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰄⰂⰀⰐⰜⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰘⰋⰔ ⰀⰃⰅ." ⰕⰋⰅⰓ ⰔⰒⰎⰋⰕ: ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ (ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎ ⰀⰄⰄⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅ-ⰑⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ + ⰀⰈⰁⰖčⰐⰀ ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ) · ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰒⰅⰅⰓ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰅⰂⰅⰄ ⰂⰅⰐⰖⰅⰔ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑ (ⰕⰔⰜⰘⰅⰓⰐⰑⰜⰘⰂⰑⰔⰕⰑⰗⰗ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰔ; ČⰖⰐčⰋć ⰜⰘⰓⰑⰐⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕ ⰗⰑⰓⰏⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰄⰖⰐⰄⰀⰐⰕ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ; ⰂⰘⰅⰕⰘⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ-ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰅⰔⰔⰀⰃⰅ — ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰐⰋⰐⰅ ⰜⰑⰘⰅⰓⰅ) · ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑ/ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ (ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ "ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ-ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ / ⰘⰋⰄⰄⰅⰐ-ⰜⰑⰄⰅ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅ-ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ "ⰔⰎⰀⰂⰋⰜ/ⰕⰘⰓⰀⰜⰋⰀⰐ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ" ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ'Ⱄ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ ⰄⰋⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎⰔ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓⰔ (ⰜⰋ/čⰓⰠⰂⰠ/šⰀ), Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰏⰒⰎⰋⰗⰋⰜⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃⰑⰗⰀⰎⰎⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ: ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰋⰅⰔⰅⰐ 2014; ⰖⰔⰒⰅⰐⰔⰍⰋⰉ 2013; ⰄⰋⰍⰑⰂⰀ 2022; ČⰖⰐčⰋć 2008; ⰂⰅⰄⰅⰓ 2004; ⰏⰋⰍⰘⰅⰅⰂ 2024. ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃⰑⰗⰀⰎⰎⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ, ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰏⰀⰒⰔⰕⰑⰜⰑⰄⰅⰀⰐⰄⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄⰋⰐⰓⰅⰜⰖⰓⰔⰋⰂⰅⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ. ⰜⰀⰓⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ: ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰉ ≠ ⰕⰓⰖⰕⰘ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰀⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰑⰖⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ'Ⱄ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ/ⰄⰋⰏⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰑⰓⰎⰄⰂⰋⰅⰂ, ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰔⰖⰒⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰋⰕ, ⰔⰑ ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ.

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ → ⰜⰑⰄⰅ & ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ

8/8 ✓

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰄⰅⰅⰒⰅⰓ: Ⰰ ⰏⰀⰒ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅⰔ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰔ — ⰁⰅⰜⰀⰖⰔⰅ ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ) ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰁⰋⰕⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅ Ⰰ ⰂⰓⰋⰕⰕⰅⰐ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ, ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰔⰅⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰓⰅⰔⰕ ⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰕⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰕⰑⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ) ⰀⰎⰔⰑ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰋⰕ-ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ (ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰁⰋⰕⰔ, ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ), ⰀⰐ ⰋⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰔⰏⰀⰎⰎ ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ ⰋⰔⰀ (ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ — Ⰰ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ), ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰃⰀⰕⰅ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰕⰀⰓⰃⰅⰕ ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕ (ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ — Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰒⰀⰓⰅⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰒⰎⰅ, Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰓⰜ/0 ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ-ⰂⰅⰜⰕⰑⰓ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰑⰓ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰀⰒ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ: Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰋⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ, ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰏⰀⰒ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰂⰀⰉⰔ — ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ (ⰕⰑⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰄⰄⰅⰓ): ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰒⰀⰔⰔⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ → ⰁⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ — Ⰰ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ’Ⱄ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰐ ⰁⰋⰕⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰔ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰁⰀⰜⰍ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰉⰒⰘ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ-ⰎⰀⰐⰃⰖⰀⰃⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ, ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ & ⰕⰑⰕⰀⰎ — Ⰰ ⰂⰑⰓⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰋⰎⰅⰔ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰒⰓⰑⰃⰓⰀⰏ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰔ Ⰰ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ ⰋⰐ 0..255
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰗⰀⰜⰅ ⰓⰖⰐⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰑⰓ — Ⰰ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰔⰖⰒⰅⰓⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ (≥2 ⰔⰀⰏⰒⰎⰅⰄ ⰑⰖⰕⰜⰑⰏⰅⰔ), ⰁⰑⰓⰐ-ⰓⰖⰎⰅ ΣⰒ = 1 ⰑⰂⰅⰓ 2ⁿ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰑⰐⰅ ⰔⰖⰁⰔⰕⰓⰀⰕⰅ, ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰎⰅⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰉⰋⰅⰎⰄⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰋⰕ-ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ, ⰀⰐ ⰑⰒⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ Ⰰ ⰃⰀⰕⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰀⰜⰘⰓⰑⰐⰋⰔⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕⰔ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ/ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕⰔ" & "ⰗⰑⰎⰍⰎⰑⰓⰅ/ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰔ" ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ, ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰔⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰀⰎⰑⰃⰉ — ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓ, ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰎⰀⰃ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰎⰀⰉⰅⰓⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ-ⰏⰀⰒ (ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ-ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ-ⰏⰀⰒ (ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰀⰎⰔ, ⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰃⰓⰅⰅⰍ ⰋⰔⰑⰒⰔⰅⰒⰘⰉ / ⰘⰅⰁⰓⰅⰂ ⰃⰅⰏⰀⰕⰓⰋⰀ). ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰋⰄⰃⰅ ⰕⰑ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰗⰑⰓⰏⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅⰑⰓⰉ — Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰃⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰕⰋⰐⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ — ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰓⰖⰐⰐⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰑⰒ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰖⰏⰁⰅⰓ-ⰏⰀⰒ; ⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰅⰄ, ⰒⰀⰓⰕⰎⰉ-ⰎⰑⰔⰔⰉ ⰓⰅⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰐⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ Ⰰ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰑⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰋⰐⰕⰘ-ⰜⰅⰐⰕⰖⰓⰉ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰓⰔ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰑⰒⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰑⰓ ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅⰉ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰕ Ⰰ ⰎⰋⰕⰖⰓⰃⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕ; ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓⰔ/ⰍⰖⰁⰋⰕⰔ ⰒⰑⰔⰕⰄⰀⰕⰅ ⰋⰕ ~1100 ⰉⰅⰀⰓⰔ). "ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰗⰑⰎⰍⰎⰑⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ" ⰋⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ: ⰗⰑⰎⰍ ⰂⰅⰀⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ ⰂⰀⰓⰒ/ⰂⰅⰗⰕ ⰎⰀⰕⰕⰋⰜⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰉⰀⰜⰍⰖⰀⰓⰄ ⰎⰑⰑⰏ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰜⰅⰔⰕⰑⰓ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰉⰒⰘⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰕ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ Ⰰ ⰗⰅⰂ ⰒⰓⰋⰏⰋⰕⰋⰂⰅⰔ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰋⰐⰀⰓⰉ/ⰜⰑⰏⰁⰋⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ — ⰁⰖⰕ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰀⰎⰃⰑⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ Ⰰ ⰕⰅⰘⰕⰋⰎⰅ ⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰗⰀçⰀⰄⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰓⰐ ⰒⰓⰑⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰜⰀⰕⰅⰃⰑⰓⰉ ⰅⰓⰓⰑⰓ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ "ⰋⰗá = ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰓ" ⰀⰐⰄ "Ⰻ ⰜⰘⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰋⰗá". ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰋⰓⰜⰖⰋⰕ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰜⰎⰀⰔⰔⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰔⰋⰏⰖⰎⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰔⰓⰜ/0), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰍⰖⰀⰐⰕⰖⰏ ⰘⰀⰓⰄⰂⰀⰓⰅ; ⰓⰅⰂⰅⰓⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ→ⰁⰋⰕⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰜⰑⰄⰅ/ⰃⰀⰕⰅ ⰏⰀⰒⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰏⰀⰐⰉ-ⰕⰑ-ⰑⰐⰅ). ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰎⰒⰘⰀⰁⰅⰕⰔ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰜⰑⰐⰂⰅⰓⰃⰅ, ⰁⰅⰎⰑⰂ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ, ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰕ.

ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰂⰘⰑ ⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰋⰐ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ-ⰂⰘⰑ-ⰖⰔⰅⰄ-ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ-ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ-ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰑⰓⰍⰗⰎⰑⰂ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰋⰂⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰁⰑⰓⰋⰔ Ⰻ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰓⰋⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ ⰔⰜⰘⰑⰑⰎⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰜⰋⰎ ⰑⰗ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ 893, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰐⰃ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ) — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ ⰀⰘⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰀⰐⰄ/ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ/ⰒⰅⰑⰒⰎⰅ/ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰃⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎ’Ⱄ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ’ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰀⰋⰃⰘⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰔⰕ/ⰘⰀⰃⰋⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ.

• ✓ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ — ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ, ⰑⰘⰓⰋⰄ, ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ, ⰕⰘⰅ 893 ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰜⰋⰎ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰑⰐⰃ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ ⰀⰘⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰎⰅⰕⰅⰔ ⰎⰀⰐⰄ/ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ/ⰒⰅⰑⰒⰎⰅ/ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰃⰅ
• ✓ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰋⰓⰕⰘ; ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ, ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎⰋⰔⰕ/ⰘⰀⰃⰋⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ — ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰋⰔⰕⰑⰓⰉ (ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰅ), ⰅⰕⰘⰐⰑⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ (ⰒⰅⰑⰒⰎⰅ), ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜⰔ (ⰃⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅ), ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ-ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰐⰕⰀⰐⰃⰎⰅⰏⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰒⰋⰐⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ — ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰜⰑⰏⰏⰖⰐⰋⰕⰉ — ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀ ⰋⰔ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ’Ⱄ ⰓⰅⰜⰅⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰁⰋⰓⰕⰘⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ, ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰅⰔ (ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎ) ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ/ⰏⰀⰜⰅⰄⰑⰐⰋⰀⰐ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰘⰓⰋⰄ ⰗⰋⰃⰖⰓⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰐⰀⰜⰘⰓⰑⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰑⰐ ⰁⰑⰕⰘ ⰔⰋⰄⰅⰔ, ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ.

ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰀⰐⰜⰋⰅⰐⰕ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰕⰓⰀⰄⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰗⰑⰎⰍⰎⰑⰓⰅ, ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ: ⰀⰐ 8-ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ→ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ ⰒⰋⰒⰅⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰏⰑⰐⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰔ — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ Ⰰ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎⰋⰈⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰄ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰕⰀⰓⰃⰅⰕ, ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰃⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰜⰀ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ.

• ✓ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰕⰑⰒⰋⰜⰔ ⰔⰅⰀⰎⰅⰄ — ⰕⰓⰀⰄⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ, ⰗⰑⰎⰍⰎⰑⰓⰅ, ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ, ⰀⰓⰜⰘⰋⰕⰅⰜⰕⰖⰓⰅ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰄ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄ ⰀⰜⰕⰖⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰅⰘⰅⰜⰖⰕⰅⰄ — ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ
• ✓ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ, ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ — ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ
• ✓ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰀⰃⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰜⰀ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ (64 ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎⰎⰉ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰗⰋⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃⰔ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰐⰄ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ, ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰜⰑⰓⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ — ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰄ ⰒⰅⰓ ⰕⰑⰒⰋⰜ — ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ-ⰓⰅⰂⰋⰂⰀⰎ ⰎⰅⰃⰅⰐⰄⰔ (ⰕⰘⰓⰀⰜⰋⰀⰐ-ⰄⰋⰑⰐⰉⰔⰖⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰋⰐⰖⰋⰕⰉ, ⰓⰑⰔⰀ-ⰗⰓⰑⰏ-ⰄⰀⰏⰀⰔⰜⰖⰔ, "ⰕⰘⰓⰀⰜⰋⰀⰐ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ", ⰔⰀⰏⰑⰄⰋⰂⰋ-ⰀⰔ-ⰁⰅⰐⰄⰋⰔ, ⰘⰉⰒⰑⰕⰘⰅⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰕⰑⰏⰁ ⰋⰄⰅⰐⰕⰋⰕⰋⰅⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰐⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰀⰜⰕ.

ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ ⰈⰀ ⰒⰎⰑⰄⰑⰓⰑⰄⰋⰅ (ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰅⰓⰕⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ)

4/4 ✓

ⰘⰕⰕⰒ://ⰃⰀⰁⰜⰘⰋⰍ.ⰜⰑⰏ/ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ.ⰘⰕⰏⰎ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰕⰋⰔⰕ ⰃⰀⰁⰜⰘⰋⰍ’Ⱄ 2017 “ⰏⰑⰎⰋⰕⰂⰀ ⰈⰀ ⰒⰎⰑⰄⰑⰓⰑⰄⰋⰅ” (ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰗⰅⰓⰕⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ), ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰗⰑⰎⰍ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰔ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰉ ⰋⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰅⰄ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰔⰋⰘ-ⰒⰅⰕⰀⰎ ⰓⰑⰔⰅⰕⰕⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰘⰑⰏⰁⰖⰔ (ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰒⰋⰓⰋⰕ ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰅⰄ — ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰞⰅⰂⰋⰜⰋ ⰅⰏⰁⰓⰑⰋⰄⰅⰓⰉ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰅⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋ ⰜⰑⰋⰐ-ⰀⰄⰑⰓⰐⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰈⰄⰓⰀⰂⰅⰜ ⰃⰅⰓⰀⰐⰋⰖⰏ. ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰄⰅ ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰑⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ; Ⰰ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰃⰅ ⰍⰖⰑⰕⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅⰔ (ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ 1:1, 1:3) ⰋⰐ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰀⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰍ ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰒⰋⰂⰑⰕ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰕ-ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰋⰔ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ — ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰗⰑⰎⰍ ⰗⰅⰓⰕⰋⰎⰋⰕⰉ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰔ (ⰔⰅⰏⰅⰕⰑ ⰐⰀ ⰆⰋⰂⰑⰕⰀ, ⰓⰑⰏⰁ, ⰞⰅⰂⰋⰜⰋ, ⰒⰅⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋ, ⰈⰄⰓⰀⰂⰅⰜ), ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰄ ⰕⰑ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰏⰅⰀⰐⰋⰐⰃ, ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰑⰃⰎⰀⰃⰑⰎⰋⰕⰋⰜ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰘ-ⰒⰅⰕⰀⰎ ⰓⰑⰔⰅⰕⰕⰅ (Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰘⰑⰏⰁⰖⰔ (ⰖⰐⰋⰑⰐ/ⰁⰀⰎⰀⰐⰜⰅ), ⰞⰅⰂⰋⰜⰋ (ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰏⰁⰓⰑⰋⰄⰅⰓⰉ), ⰒⰅⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋ (ⰄⰑⰂⰓⰉ ⰜⰑⰋⰐ-ⰉⰅⰂⰅⰎⰎⰅⰓⰉ), ⰈⰄⰓⰀⰂⰅⰜ (ⰃⰅⰓⰀⰐⰋⰖⰏ ⰏⰀⰜⰓⰑⰓⰓⰘⰋⰈⰖⰏ, ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ)
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰂⰅⰓⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰀⰏ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰃⰅ ⰍⰖⰑⰕⰅⰔ ⰃⰅⰐⰅⰔⰋⰔ 1:1 ⰀⰐⰄ 1:3 ⰋⰐ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ, ⰉⰑⰋⰐⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰍ ⰒⰓⰀⰉⰅⰓ ⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰖⰎⰕⰋⰎⰋⰐⰃⰖⰀⰎ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰖⰓⰅ ⰒⰋⰂⰑⰕ (ⰔⰅⰎⰗⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰀⰕⰅ)
• ✓ⰓⰅⰐⰄⰅⰓⰅⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ — Ⰰ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎ ⰐⰀⰏⰅ ⰗⰑⰎⰄⰔ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕ (ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ, ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰕⰑⰍⰅⰐⰔ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰁⰅⰜⰑⰏⰋⰐⰃ ⰓⰅⰖⰔⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰜⰑⰄⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰋⰂⰅ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ — ⰞⰅⰂⰋⰜⰋ (ⰒⰓⰑⰕⰅⰜⰕⰋⰂⰅ ⰅⰏⰁⰓⰑⰋⰄⰅⰓⰉ), ⰒⰅⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋ (ⰄⰑⰂⰓⰉ ⰜⰑⰋⰐ-ⰉⰅⰂⰅⰎⰎⰅⰓⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰈⰄⰓⰀⰂⰅⰜ (ⰃⰅⰓⰀⰐⰋⰖⰏ ⰏⰀⰜⰓⰑⰓⰓⰘⰋⰈⰖⰏ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅⰎⰉ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰔⰕⰓⰋⰐⰃⰅⰐⰕ/ⰀⰐⰕⰋⰏⰋⰜⰓⰑⰁⰋⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰖⰐⰄⰔ) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰕⰘⰐⰑⰃⰓⰀⰒⰘⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ ⰀⰕⰕⰅⰔⰕⰅⰄ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰋⰘ-ⰒⰅⰕⰀⰎ ⰓⰑⰔⰅⰕⰕⰅ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰀⰔⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰗⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰜⰘⰖⰓⰜⰘ ⰀⰕ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰎⰀⰂ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰐⰔⰎⰋⰕⰅⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰅⰕⰅⰓⰏⰋⰐⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰕⰋⰔⰕ’Ⱄ ⰅⰔⰑⰕⰅⰓⰋⰜ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰎⰀⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰐⰄⰑⰓⰔⰅⰄ): "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰎⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰂⰅⰐ ⰄⰀⰉⰔ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰕⰘⰅ "8000–10500 ⰁⰜⰅ ⰑⰔⰋⰓⰋⰔ-ⰕⰅⰏⰒⰎⰅ ⰑⰎⰄⰅⰔⰕ ⰗⰋⰐⰄ", "ⰅⰎⰅⰜⰕⰓⰑⰏⰀⰃⰐⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ = ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", "ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰘⰑⰏⰁⰖⰔ ⰔⰉⰐⰜⰘⰓⰑⰐⰋⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰓⰀⰋⰐ ⰘⰅⰏⰋⰔⰒⰘⰅⰓⰅⰔ", "ⰂⰅⰔⰋⰜⰀ ⰒⰋⰔⰜⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰀⰋⰐⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰃⰘⰕ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ ⰈⰄⰓⰀⰂⰅⰜ ⰗⰑⰎⰍ-ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰋⰐⰅ ⰜⰖⰓⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰅⰔⰅ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰒⰋⰓⰋⰕⰖⰀⰎ ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓⰒⰓⰅⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰋⰔⰕⰅⰐⰕ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ-ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰖⰎⰃⰀⰓⰋⰀⰐ-ⰘⰅⰓⰋⰕⰀⰃⰅ ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰋⰅⰔ (ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ-ⰑⰗ-ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰃⰑⰎⰄⰅⰐ-ⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑ-ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉⰂⰘⰅⰓⰅ, ⰀⰔⰜⰅⰐⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ). ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰉⰏⰁⰑⰎⰔ; ⰋⰕ ⰄⰑⰅⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ.

ⰔⰅⰐⰔⰅⰔ, ⰔⰉⰔⰕⰅⰏⰔ & ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ

ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜⰔ & ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ, ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ. ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰐⰃⰋⰕⰖⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰑⰁⰅⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ; ⰋⰕⰔ ⰔⰒⰅⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰋⰓ (≈343 Ⰿ/Ⱄ ⰀⰕ 20 °Ⱌ) ⰋⰔ ⰀⰄⰋⰀⰁⰀⰕⰋⰜ, ⰎⰀⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ’Ⱄ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰑ ⰐⰅⰂⰕⰑⰐ; Ⱌ = Ⱇλ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰁⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰑⰃⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰋⰜ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰐⰀⰕⰑⰓⰔ ⰓⰋⰐⰃ ⰋⰐ Ⰰ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰅⰔ. ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰑⰔⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ: ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ ⰔⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰀⰎⰑⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰄⰀⰎ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ, ⰄⰓⰀⰂⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰔ (ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ, ⰗⰅⰏ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰏⰅ ⰏⰀⰕⰘⰅⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰄⰓⰖⰏⰘⰅⰀⰄ’Ⱄ ⰁⰅⰔⰔⰅⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰀⰓⰀⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰗⰎⰖⰋⰄ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ. ⰁⰖⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰎⰀⰉ — ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰑⰓ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰗⰋⰜ "ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ" ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰘⰅⰀⰎ, ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰑⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰜⰓⰉⰔⰕⰀⰎ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ — ⰋⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ, ⰅⰘⰀⰜⰕⰎⰉ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ432 ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ.

• ✓ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰎⰑⰐⰃⰋⰕⰖⰄⰋⰐⰀⰎ ⰒⰓⰅⰔⰔⰖⰓⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰑⰁⰅⰉⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ((1/Ⱌ²)∂²Ⱂ/∂Ⱅ² = ∇²Ⱂ); Ⱌ = √(γⰓⰕ/Ⰿ) (ⰀⰄⰋⰀⰁⰀⰕⰋⰜ — ⰎⰀⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰅⰄ ⰐⰅⰂⰕⰑⰐ — ≈343 Ⰿ/Ⱄ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰋⰓ ⰀⰕ 20 °Ⱌ), Ⱌ = Ⱇλ (ⰜⰑⰐⰜⰅⰓⰕ Ⰰ440 ≈ 0.78 Ⰿ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰁⰅⰎ ⰋⰔ ⰎⰑⰃⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰋⰜ (+10 ⰄⰁ = ×10 ⰋⰐⰕⰅⰐⰔⰋⰕⰉ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰅⰔ Ⱇ_Ⱀ = Ⱀ·Ⱇ₁ (ⰑⰄⰄ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰑⰐⰅ-ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰒⰋⰒⰅⰔ); ⰘⰅⰀⰓⰋⰐⰃ ~20 ⰘⰈ–20 ⰍⰘⰈ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰒⰒⰎⰅⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰔ ⰑⰐ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰑⰁⰔⰅⰓⰂⰅⰓ ⰔⰅⰒⰀⰓⰀⰕⰅⰎⰉ (ⰖⰐⰎⰋⰍⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰑⰒⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰑⰐⰅ)
• ✓ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ — ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ ⰗⰋⰃⰖⰓⰅⰔ (ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ 1787, ⰘⰑⰑⰍⰅ 1680): ⰔⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰑⰎⰎⰅⰜⰕⰔ ⰀⰎⰑⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰐⰑⰄⰀⰎ ⰎⰋⰐⰅⰔ (ⰈⰅⰓⰑ ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ), ⰏⰀⰍⰋⰐⰃ Ⰰ ⰒⰎⰀⰕⰅ’Ⱄ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ ⰂⰋⰔⰋⰁⰎⰅ; ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ ⰓⰅⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰕⰑ ⰏⰑⰄⰅ, ⰗⰅⰏ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰂⰋⰑⰎⰋⰐ ⰏⰀⰍⰅⰓⰔ; ⰗⰀⰓⰀⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰑⰐ Ⰰ ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰎⰖⰋⰄ; Ⰰ ⰄⰓⰖⰏⰘⰅⰀⰄ’Ⱄ ⰁⰅⰔⰔⰅⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ (ⰂⰘⰉ Ⰰ ⰄⰓⰖⰏ ⰋⰔ ⰋⰐⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ). ⰃⰅⰐⰖⰋⰐⰅ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ
• ✓ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ — "ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ/ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰔ" ⰀⰐⰄ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰋⰐⰅ (ⰖⰐⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰐ), "432 ⰘⰈ / 528 ⰘⰈ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰄⰐⰀ-ⰓⰅⰒⰀⰋⰓ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ" (ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ Ⰰ432 ⰍⰅⰅⰒⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰖⰕ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ), "ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ / ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰔⰀⰓⰖ ⰅⰏⰑⰕⰑ’Ⱄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰓⰉⰔⰕⰀⰎⰔ (ⰄⰅⰁⰖⰐⰍⰅⰄ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ
• ✓ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ — ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰅⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰄⰋⰔⰜⰋⰒⰎⰋⰐⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰀⰄ (Ⰰ432: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰓⰅⰄ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰕⰘⰅ 432-ⰋⰔ-ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎⰎⰉ-ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰋⰀⰎ / ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ-ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰕⰘⰅ "ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ" ⰋⰔ ⰐⰑⰕ). ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ; "ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ / ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰔ" ⰋⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ (ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰀⰂⰅⰄ ⰓⰅⰀⰄⰏⰅ-ⰗⰋⰓⰔⰕ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ, ⰑⰒⰅⰐⰔⰕⰀⰘ/ⰔⰏⰋⰕⰘⰔⰑⰐⰋⰀⰐ/ⰜⰑⰏⰔⰑⰎ/ⰒⰏⰜ-ⰜⰋⰕⰅⰄ): ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰍⰖⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ, Ⱌ = √(γⰓⰕ/Ⰿ) (≈343 Ⰿ/Ⱄ ⰀⰕ 20 °Ⱌ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰄⰋⰀⰁⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰎⰀⰒⰎⰀⰜⰅ ⰜⰑⰓⰓⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ), Ⱌ = Ⱇλ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰁⰅⰎ (Ⰻ₀ = 10⁻¹² Ⰲ/Ⰿ², Ⱂ₀ = 20 µⰒⰀ), ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ/ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜ ⰔⰅⰓⰋⰅⰔ (ⰑⰄⰄ-ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰗⰑⰓ ⰑⰐⰅ-ⰜⰎⰑⰔⰅⰄ ⰒⰋⰒⰅⰔ), ~20 ⰘⰈ–20 ⰍⰘⰈ ⰘⰅⰀⰓⰋⰐⰃ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰜⰑⰖⰔⰕⰋⰜ ⰄⰑⰒⰒⰎⰅⰓ ⰅⰗⰗⰅⰜⰕ; ⰀⰐⰄ ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰒⰘⰅⰐⰑⰏⰅⰐⰑⰐ — ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ ⰐⰑⰄⰀⰎ-ⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰗⰋⰃⰖⰓⰅⰔ (1787) ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰋⰃⰑⰓⰑⰖⰔ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅ/ⰏⰑⰄⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰀⰎⰉⰔⰋⰔ (ⰜⰘⰎⰀⰄⰐⰋ’Ⱄ ⰎⰀⰂ, ⰗⰅⰏ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ), ⰀⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰗⰀⰓⰀⰄⰀⰉ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰏⰁⰓⰀⰐⰅ ⰁⰅⰔⰔⰅⰎ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ. ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ: ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ-ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰏⰅⰄⰋⰜⰋⰐⰅ, "432/528 ⰘⰈ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰄⰐⰀ" ⰐⰖⰏⰅⰓⰑⰎⰑⰃⰉ (ⰕⰘⰅ Ⰰ432 ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ ⰀⰎⰓⰅⰀⰄⰉ ⰘⰑⰎⰄⰔ: ⰀⰓⰋⰕⰘⰏⰅⰕⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ, ⰜⰑⰔⰏⰋⰜ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰃⰅⰄ), "ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜⰔ ⰒⰓⰑⰂⰅⰔ ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ / ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ / ⰜⰑⰐⰔⰜⰋⰑⰖⰔⰐⰅⰔⰔ / ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ", ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰏⰑⰕⰑ’Ⱄ ⰖⰐⰁⰎⰋⰐⰄⰅⰄ ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ ⰜⰓⰉⰔⰕⰀⰎⰔ + ⰂⰀⰕⰅⰓ-ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰉⰏⰀⰕⰋⰜ ⰒⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓⰐ ⰋⰔ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰔⰕⰀⰐⰄⰋⰐⰃ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰋⰃⰅⰐⰏⰑⰄⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ "ⰔⰑⰖⰐⰄ ⰔⰘⰀⰒⰅⰔ ⰏⰀⰕⰕⰅⰓ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓⰏ ⰑⰓ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰑⰄⰉ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰁⰎⰖⰅⰒⰓⰋⰐⰕ-ⰑⰗ-ⰜⰓⰅⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰂⰅⰓⰓⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ ⰗⰎⰀⰃⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰀⰜⰓⰅⰄ ⰃⰅⰑⰏⰅⰕⰓⰉ.

ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰐⰂⰑⰎⰂⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰎⰎ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ: ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰑⰂⰐ ⰔⰒⰋⰐⰅ (Ⰰ432, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑⰐⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰋ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰔⰕⰓⰅⰀⰏ), ⰔⰑ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ ⰗⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰋⰕ — ⰓⰀⰄⰋⰑ ⰔⰒⰅⰜⰕⰓⰖⰏ (ⰗⰜⰜ), ⰔⰅⰋⰔⰏⰋⰜ (ⰖⰔⰃⰔ), ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰑ ⰗⰗⰕ (ⰂⰅⰁ ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰑ), ⰔⰜⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰓⰅⰔⰑⰐⰀⰐⰜⰅ (7.83 ⰘⰈ) — ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰑⰐⰅ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ ⰀⰕ Ⰰ ⰕⰋⰏⰅ, ⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰖⰋⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰀⰐⰄⰔ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰀⰕⰕⰓⰋⰁⰖⰕⰋⰑⰐⰔ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ.

• ✓ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ — ⰗⰑⰖⰓ ⰁⰀⰐⰄⰔ
• ✓ⰗⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰖⰋⰕ ⰑⰗ ⰎⰋⰗⰅ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ
• ✓ⰏⰀⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰑⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ’Ⱄ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰔⰒⰋⰐⰅ — Ⰰ432, ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜⰔ, ⰒⰋ-ⰕⰑⰐⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ — ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰁⰀⰐⰄⰔ ⰍⰅⰒⰕ, ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ (ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰁⰀⰐⰄⰔ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰓⰖⰋⰕ-ⰑⰗ-ⰎⰋⰗⰅ (ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ-ⰀⰒⰋ ⰗⰖⰔⰋⰑⰐ), Ⰰ432/ⰘⰀⰓⰏⰑⰐⰋⰜⰔ (ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰔⰒⰋⰐⰅ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰁⰀⰐⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰔⰑⰖⰓⰜⰅ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ; "ⰗⰖⰔⰅ ⰋⰐⰕⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰒⰋⰐⰅ" ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰏⰀⰒⰒⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰑ Ⰰ432/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ/ⰒⰋ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰜⰘⰖⰏⰀⰐⰐ ⰂⰅⰎⰎⰐⰅⰔⰔ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕⰎⰉ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰀⰎ / ⰁⰑⰕⰀⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰄⰅⰅⰒ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰀⰎ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰋⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰁⰑⰕⰀⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ/ⰅⰕⰘⰐⰑⰁⰑⰕⰀⰐⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰄⰀⰕⰀⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ (ⰕⰓⰅⰗⰎⰅ, ⰖⰔⰄⰀ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰕⰔ, ⰄⰓ. ⰄⰖⰍⰅ'Ⱄ) ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰉ Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ 'ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ' — ⰖⰔⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ, ⰘⰑⰂ ⰑⰗⰕⰅⰐ Ⰰ ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰕ ⰋⰔ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰗⰑⰓ Ⰰ ⰖⰔⰅ, ⰒⰎⰖⰔ ⰒⰘⰉⰕⰑⰜⰘⰅⰏⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰀⰜⰕⰋⰂⰋⰕⰉ ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰔ — Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰁⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰀⰒⰋ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ, ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ/ⰓⰋⰗⰅ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ.

• ✓ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰀⰎ/ⰒⰎⰀⰐⰕ ⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰔⰖⰓⰂⰅⰉⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰋⰐ ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ — ⰕⰘⰓⰅⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰕⰀⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ
• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ 'ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ' ⰋⰔ ⰖⰔⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ — ⰄⰓ. ⰄⰖⰍⰅ'Ⱄ ⰕⰀⰁⰖⰎⰀⰕⰅⰔ ⰋⰕ
• ✓Ⰰ ⰔⰋⰁⰎⰋⰐⰃ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰀⰒⰋ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ
• ✓ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ (ⰓⰋⰗⰅ / ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ) ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰑⰔⰋⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰂⰅⰓ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰀⰎⰀⰒⰋⰔ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ (ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰄⰀⰕⰀⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ) ⰂⰋⰕⰘ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰒⰖⰁⰎⰋⰜ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ-ⰀⰒⰋ ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰓⰍⰀⰁⰀ-ⰄⰅⰜⰑⰄⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎⰔ. ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰀⰕⰀⰁⰀⰔⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅⰋⰓ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ ⰖⰔⰅ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰄⰀⰕⰀ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰓⰅⰀⰎ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰅⰘⰒⰎⰋⰜⰋⰕ ⰘⰑⰐⰅⰔⰕ ⰎⰋⰐⰅ ⰋⰔ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰘⰅⰓⰁⰀⰎ 'ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ' ⰋⰔ ⰔⰕⰀⰕⰋⰔⰕⰋⰜⰀⰎ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰂⰋⰁⰓⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐⰀⰎ, ⰀⰐⰄ ⰓⰋⰗⰅ/ⰘⰅⰀⰎⰋⰐⰃ-ⰗⰓⰅⰍⰖⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰜⰎⰀⰋⰏⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰓⰑⰒⰒⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ ⰒⰔⰅⰖⰄⰑⰔⰜⰋⰅⰐⰜⰅ.

ⰔⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ

4/4 ✓

ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄⰔ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰂⰀⰔ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰕ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰅⰄ ⰂⰋⰕⰘ, ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰅⰄ ⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ ⰔⰑ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔⰅⰕ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰄⰅⰎ (ⰜⰑⰏⰒⰖⰕⰅⰄ, ⰜⰑⰐⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰄⰄⰓⰅⰔⰔⰅⰄ, ⰄⰓⰉ) ⰀⰐⰄ ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ-ⰂⰋⰕⰘⰑⰖⰕ-ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ (Ⰰ /ⰕⰏⰒ ⰁⰀⰓⰓⰅⰎ-ⰋⰏⰒⰑⰓⰕ ⰓⰖⰐ ⰁⰉ ⰐⰑⰄⰅ --ⰅⰘⰒⰅⰓⰋⰏⰅⰐⰕⰀⰎ-ⰔⰕⰓⰋⰒ-ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ, ⰕⰘⰅⰐ ⰜⰘⰅⰜⰍ:ⰕⰉⰒⰅⰔ), ⰔⰕⰖⰁ-ⰗⰅⰕⰜⰘ ⰄⰅⰒⰅⰐⰄⰅⰐⰜⰉ ⰋⰐⰉⰅⰜⰕⰋⰑⰐ (ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ ⰋⰑ ⰀⰄⰀⰒⰕⰅⰓⰔ ⰑⰗⰗⰎⰋⰐⰅ), ⰕⰘⰅ ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰂⰀⰂⰅ (ⰕⰀⰓⰃⰅⰕⰔ → ⰀⰓⰃⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰔ → ⰓⰅⰁⰖⰕⰕⰀⰎ → ⰜⰋⰕⰀⰕⰋⰑⰐ-ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰉ → ⰔⰉⰐⰕⰘⰅⰔⰋⰈⰅ), ⰓⰅⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅ-ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ-ⰗⰀⰁⰓⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅ (ⰂⰑⰓⰍ-ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰜⰑⰖⰓⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ), ⰀⰐⰄ ⰂⰓⰋⰕⰋⰐⰃ ⰄⰅⰎⰋⰂⰅⰓⰀⰁⰎⰅⰔ ⰑⰖⰕⰔⰋⰄⰅ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰓⰅⰒⰑ. ⰅⰀⰜⰘ ⰃⰑⰕⰜⰘⰀ — ⰁⰔⰄ ⰃⰓⰅⰒ ⰑⰐ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰑⰐⰑⰎⰋⰕⰘ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰎⰋⰐⰕⰅⰓ ⰓⰅⰀⰄ ⰓⰀⰜⰅ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰗⰀⰖⰎⰕ-ⰒⰀⰓⰀⰏⰅⰕⰅⰓ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ ⰎⰅⰀⰍ, ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰔ1530 ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ ⰓⰅⰃⰅⰘ, ⰂⰅⰁⰗⰅⰕⰜⰘ ⰑⰐ ⰜⰉⰓⰋⰎⰎⰋⰜ ⰖⰓⰎⰔ — ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰋⰘ.

• ✓ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔⰅⰕ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰑⰐⰎⰉ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ — ⰔⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰕⰅⰒ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄ ⰋⰔ ⰂⰅⰓⰋⰗⰋⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰑⰗⰗⰎⰋⰐⰅ (ⰒⰓⰑⰁⰅ + ⰔⰕⰖⰁ-ⰗⰅⰕⰜⰘ ⰄⰋ) — ⰐⰑ ⰁⰖⰋⰎⰄ, ⰐⰑ ⰐⰅⰕⰂⰑⰓⰍ
• ✓ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰃⰑⰕⰜⰘⰀ ⰜⰀⰓⰓⰋⰅⰔ ⰋⰕⰔ ⰗⰋⰘ — ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰓⰀⰒ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰂⰀⰉ ⰑⰖⰕ
• ✓ⰓⰅⰔⰅⰀⰓⰜⰘ ⰋⰔ ⰀⰄⰂⰅⰓⰔⰀⰓⰋⰀⰎ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰄⰅⰏⰀⰓⰜⰀⰕⰅⰄ — ⰂⰑⰓⰍ-ⰒⰓⰑⰄⰖⰜⰕ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰅⰂⰋⰄⰅⰐⰜⰅ; ⰓⰅⰗⰓⰀⰏⰅ, ⰐⰅⰂⰅⰓ ⰗⰀⰁⰓⰋⰜⰀⰕⰅ

ⰁⰑⰖⰐⰄⰀⰓⰉ: Ⰰ ⰔⰅⰎⰗ-ⰄⰅⰔⰜⰓⰋⰒⰕⰋⰑⰐ ⰑⰗ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰔⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔⰅⰕ — Ⰰ ⰓⰅⰜⰑⰓⰄ, ⰐⰑⰕ ⰀⰐ ⰅⰘⰅⰜⰖⰕⰀⰁⰎⰅ ⰘⰀⰓⰐⰅⰔⰔ: ⰕⰘⰅ ⰏⰅⰕⰘⰑⰄⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰄⰑⰜⰖⰏⰅⰐⰕⰅⰄ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰗⰀⰜⰅⰕⰔ ⰀⰔⰔⰅⰓⰕ ⰔⰕⰓⰖⰜⰕⰖⰓⰀⰎ ⰗⰀⰜⰕⰔ (ⰜⰑⰖⰐⰕⰔ, ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰃⰑⰕⰜⰘⰀ ⰘⰀⰔ Ⰰ ⰗⰋⰘ), ⰐⰑⰕ ⰕⰘⰀⰕ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ ⰓⰖⰐ ⰗⰓⰑⰏ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰗⰑⰎⰄ. "ⰔⰀⰂⰅ ⰅⰂⰅⰓⰉ ⰔⰕⰅⰒ ⰋⰐ ⰔⰓⰜ" ⰋⰔ ⰘⰑⰐⰑⰖⰓⰅⰄ ⰁⰉ ⰅⰐⰜⰑⰄⰋⰐⰃ ⰕⰘⰅ ⰄⰅⰜⰋⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰘⰅⰓⰅ; ⰕⰘⰅ ⰜⰓⰑⰔⰔ-ⰔⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰓⰅⰜⰀⰎⰎ ⰜⰑⰒⰉ ⰎⰋⰂⰅⰔ ⰋⰐ ⰀⰃⰅⰐⰕ ⰏⰅⰏⰑⰓⰉ (ⰔⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ-ⰕⰑⰑⰎⰔ-ⰒⰀⰕⰅⰐⰕ-ⰀⰖⰄⰋⰕ-ⰂⰀⰂⰅⰔ). ⰕⰑⰑⰎ ⰐⰀⰏⰅⰔ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰅⰘⰕⰅⰓⰐⰀⰎ ⰅⰐⰄⰒⰑⰋⰐⰕⰔ ⰀⰓⰅ ⰀⰔ ⰖⰔⰅⰄ ⰕⰘⰋⰔ ⰔⰅⰔⰔⰋⰑⰐ ⰀⰐⰄ ⰏⰀⰉ ⰜⰘⰀⰐⰃⰅ.